Before Agile came into the picture, the most common methodology of software development was Waterfall. Waterfall is a model in which the project is planned and executed within a time period that is required to achieve the final goal.
That means, when we are talking about big projects that typically take a few years to complete, we might only be able to see result in a few years. Usually, waterfall translates into dividing the project into phases based on the work type: capture the requirements, design the architecture, develop the software, and finally test and deploy (Figure 1-1
