Indian Administration

11

Ministries and Departments

The executive authority of the government is vested in the president. Article 53 says that ‘the executive power of the Union shall be vested in the president and shall be exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him in accordance with the Constitution.’ Thus, all the executive functions vested in the president are carried on in two ways: (1) either directly by him or (2) through subordinate officers. But Article 53 (3) authorizes Parliament to confer ‘by law functions on authorities other than the president’. Every law made by Parliament needs the assent of the president before it could become operative law. But the Constitution has created a council of ministers to ‘aid and advise’ the ...