Industrial Network Security, 3rd Edition

10: OT Attack and Defense Lifecycles

Abstract

Malware has been around since the dawn of personal computing: the first virus being the Creeper virus in 1971, a proof-of-concept virus that spread through ARPANET-connected computers,¹ and the first personal computer being attributed to the Kenbak-1 computer² also in 1971. However, malware has advanced significantly since then, and cyberattacks very rarely depend on a single piece of malware. Instead they have evolved into campaigns that consist of multiple steps. Instead of singular actions that result in a single outcome, attack campaigns coordinate multiple actions to produce a more sophisticated outcome. The sophistication of both attack and defense techniques have grown to a degree where ...