April 2013
Intermediate to advanced
112 pages
3h 9m
English
The start-up of a commercial scale process is very risky. If the start-up is slower than anticipated, then customers not receiving their feedstock will suffer financial consequences because they in turn will not be able to satisfy their customers. Also often inside the firm it will cause problems, because no or less money will be obtained, extra cost will be made and often other processes at the same industrial complex, relying on intake of by-products or utilities from the new process, will also show lower productivity. This means that first of all the start-up time has to be estimated well in advance and secondly that the start-up has to be well prepared to stay within that ...