Chapter 3
Analyzing Learners, Contexts, and Instructional Needs
IN THIS CHAPTER
Understanding the organizational context, resources, and constraints
Clarifying problem and needs
Identifying the gaps between actual and optimal performance
Analyzing the learners and their needs
In the ADDIE model I introduce in Chapter 1, the first “A” stands for “analysis.” It stands to reason, then, that the analysis phase occurs at the very beginning of the instructional design process and is the first important task of an instructional designer. During the analysis phase, the instructional designer analyzes the situation, learners, and problem to clarify the best course of action. All later instructional design decisions build upon the outcomes of the analysis phase.
Not all performance problems have an instructional solution, so understanding the problem, the situation, and the learners help you in confirming the need for, and scope of, the instruction. The questions asked during this phase will, among other things, help you decide if instruction is even the best way to address the problem.
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