Internet of Things A to Z

21A Low-Cost IoT Framework for Landslide Prediction and Risk Communication

Pratik Chaturvedi^1,2, Kamal Kishore Thakur³, Naresh Mali⁴, Venkata Uday Kala⁴, Sudhakar Kumar⁵, Srishti Yadav⁴, and Varun Dutt⁵

¹Applied Cognitive Science Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, India

²Defence Terrain Research Laboratory, Defence Research and Development Organization, New Delhi, India

³Computer Science and Engineering Department, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India

⁴School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India

⁵School of Computing and Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India

21.1 Introduction

Landslides are uncertain geological events and they pose great dangers to life and infrastructure (Parkash, 2011). In India, especially in the Himalayan region, landslides are more frequent than any other geological phenomena causing more than 200 deaths and, on average, $82 million in damages to infrastructure yearly (Chaturvedi et al., 2017; Chaturvedi and Dutt, 2015). Because of large costs and many deaths due to landslides, there is a need to design and develop frameworks that monitor landslides and alert people before they occur. To be effective, those frameworks should possess the following features: sense soil properties and soil movement at landslide-prone sites; log-sensed data at a remote site via a cloud infrastructure; allow analyses of logged data; and alert ...