History of Internet Addressing
The addressing scheme that is used today in the Internet is based on version 4 of the Internet Protocol (IPv4)[1], usually referred to simply as IP. This section discusses the following:
Basic IP Addressing
An IP address is a unique 4-octet (32-bit) value expressed in dotted-decimal (or dotted-quad) notation of the form W.X.Y.Z, where periods (dots) are used to separate each of the 4 octets of the address (for example, 10.0.0.1). The 32-bit address field consists of two parts: a network or link number (which represents the network portion of the address) and a host number (which identifies a host on the network segment). ...
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