25.1 A Quantum Experiment
Quantum mechanics is a difficult subject to explain to nonphysicists since it deals with concepts where our everyday experiences aren’t applicable. In particular, the scale at which quantum mechanical phenomena take place is on the atomic level, which is something that can’t be observed without special equipment. There are a few examples, however, that are accessible to us, and we now present one such example and use it to develop the mathematical formulation needed to describe some quantum computing protocols.
Since quantum mechanics is a particle-level physics, we need particles that we are able to observe. Photons are the particles that make up light and are therefore observable (similar demonstrations using other ...
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