There are several methods of measuring refractive index of a liquid and a solid substance. These can be grouped into two: (1) methods using spectrometer or a goniometer and (2) methods based on the measurement of critical angle. Apart from these, measurement of Brewster angle is also used for the determination of refractive index. When the refractive index of a film is desired, ellipsometry is used. In fact, ellipsometry is used to measure the optical constants of bulk as well as thin film specimens.
The material whose refractive index is to be measured is made in the form of an isosceles prism: the apex angle is usually taken as 60°. The two surfaces of the prisms ...
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