Introduction to Probability

Appendix B

R

B.1 Vectors

Command	What it does
c(1,1,0,2.7,3.1)	creates the vector (1,1, 0, 2.7, 3.1)
1:100	creates the vector (1, 2,... , 100)
(1:100)^3	creates the vector (13, 23,. .. , 1003)
rep(0,50)	creates the vector (0, 0,... , 0) of length 50
seq(0,99,3)	creates the vector (0, 3, 6, 9,... , 99)
v[5]	5th entry of vector v (index starts at 1)
v[-5]	all but the 5th entry of v
v[c(3,1,4)]	3rd, 1st, 4th entries of vector v
v[v>2]	entries of v that exceed 2
which(v>2)	indices of v such that entry exceeds 2
which(v==7)	indices of v such that entry equals 7
min(v)	minimum of v
max(v)	maximum of v
which.max(v)	indices where max(v) is achieved
sum(v)	sum of the entries in v
cumsum(v)	cumulative sums of the ...