Introduction to System Science with MATLAB, 2nd Edition

2Fundamental System Concepts

Before the general study of systems as conceived in system science can be effectively approached, basic terms and concepts must be defined and explained so that mutual understanding and agreement can exist among investigators. The purpose of this chapter is to provide these important definitions and explanations and to generalize the nature and variety of rational systems.

2.1 Definitions of System Concepts and Terms

System science is similar to other scholarly endeavors such as physics, biology, mathematics, and philosophy in that there exists a nomenclature or basic set of words and concepts within the field that have precise definition and special meaning. A common understanding of the nomenclature employed in system science and an agreement on the description of these concepts and definitions of these words and terms are necessary if communication between those working in the same field is to be accurate and effective.

2.1.1 Concept and Definition of a System

The most important concept in the study of system science is that associated with a system itself. Although the word “system” is commonly used in casual conversation and writing, system is often used indiscriminately and incorrectly. When the term “system” is used casually, it is apparent that the concept can be hazy and lacking in precision and rigor. Such casual use of the system when applied incorrectly to the field of system science can lead to misunderstanding and even significant ...