August 2018
Intermediate to advanced
272 pages
5h 3m
English
Content preview from JavaScript and Open Data
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8JavaScript in the Web Page
8.1. Ecosystem of the web page: the HTML sequence
8.1.1. Structure and semantics/layout and presentation
HTML5 is said to be “semantical”. What does it mean (in short)?
- – When reading an activity report, we expect a title (also: author, date, etc.), an introduction, several sections, a conclusion, a table of contents, etc..
- – When reading a newspaper, we expect a header (title, date), headlines and a few paragraphs, the usual rubriques: politics, world, culture, etc..
- – On an e-commerce site, we expect product descriptions, society descriptions, online order tool, etc.
These expectations are quite usual and make sense: that is the semantics! The HTML5 semantic tags are meant to help search engines to figure out what is on a web page: <header>, <nav>, <main>, <sections>, <detail>, <figure>, etc.
Older tags are preserved, and new suggested practices may add to the semantics: e.g. a title tag should comply with its context, a <img> tag should contain a description (attribute alt=“…”), etc.
8.1.2. Reminder about HTML5 tags
Here are the tags that, though not all mandatory, we recommend using to describing the context of your web page ecosystem.
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="fr"><head><title>Basic web page</title><meta charset="utf-8"><link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css"></head><body><script id="code.js"> /* JavaScript code */ </script></body></html>
8.1.2.1. The DOCTYPE
This informs the browser about what follows: in the above ...
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