JavaServer Faces

Compiling, Installing, and Running a Servlet

To compile a servlet, you must first ensure that you have the JAR file containing all Servlet API classes in the CLASSPATH environment variable. The JAR file is distributed with all web containers. Tomcat 5 includes it in a file called servlet-api.jar, located in the common/lib directory. On a Windows platform, you include the JAR file in the CLASSPATH like this (assuming Tomcat is installed in C:\Jakarta\jakarta-tomcat-5):

               C:/> set CLASSPATH=C:\Jakarta\jakarta-tomcat-5\common\lib\servlet-api.jar; %CLASSPATH%

You can then compile the HelloYou servlet from Example 4-1 with the javac command, like this:

               C:/> javac HelloYou.java

To make the servlet available to the container, you can place the resulting class file in the WEB-INF/classes directory for the example application:

               C:/> copy HelloYou.class C:\Jakarta\jakarta-tomcat-5\webapps\jsfbook\WEB-INF\classes

The container looks automatically for classes in the WEB-INF/classes directory structure, so you can use this directory for all application class files. The HelloYou servlet is part of the default package, so it goes in the WEB-INF/classes directory itself. If you use another package, say com.mycompany, you must put the class file in a directory under WEB-INF/classes that mirrors the package structure, as described earlier. Alternatively, you can package the class files in a JAR file (see the Java SDK documents for details) and place the JAR file in the WEB-INF/lib directory. The internal ...