MPLS
In the traditional Layer 3 forwarding paradigm, as a packet travels from one router to the next, an independent forwarding decision is made at each hop. In an MPLS environment, the analysis of the packet header is performed just once, when a packet enters the MPLS cloud. The packet then is assigned to a stream, which is identified by a label, which is a short (20-bit), fixed-length value at the front of the packet. Labels are used as lookup indexes into the label forwarding table. For each label, this table stores forwarding information.
Traffic engineering allows you to control the path that data packets follow, bypassing the standard routing model, which uses routing tables. Traffic engineering moves flows from congested links to alternate ...
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