book

Kubernetes Cookbook, 2nd Edition

by Sameer Naik, Sébastien Goasguen, Jonathan Michaux

November 2023

Intermediate to advanced

228 pages

4h 17m

English

O'Reilly Media, Inc.

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Preface
Who Should Read This BookWhy We Wrote This BookNavigating This BookA Note on Kubernetes ReleasesTechnology You Need to UnderstandConventions Used in This BookUsing Code ExamplesO’Reilly Online LearningHow to Contact UsAcknowledgments
1. Getting Started with Kubernetes
1.1. Installing the Kubernetes CLI, kubectl1.2. Installing Minikube to Run a Local Kubernetes Instance1.3. Using Minikube Locally for Development1.4. Starting Your First Application on Minikube1.5. Using kind to Run Kubernetes Locally1.6. Using Kubernetes in Docker Desktop1.7. Switching kubectl Contexts1.8. Switching Contexts and Namespaces Using kubectx and kubens
2. Creating a Kubernetes Cluster
2.1. Preparing a New Node for a Kubernetes Cluster2.2. Bootstrapping a Kubernetes Control-Plane Node2.3. Installing a Container Network Add-on for Cluster Networking2.4. Adding Worker Nodes to a Kubernetes Cluster2.5. Deploying the Kubernetes Dashboard2.6. Accessing the Kubernetes Dashboard2.7. Deploying the Kubernetes Metrics Server2.8. Downloading a Kubernetes Release from GitHub2.9. Downloading Client and Server Binaries2.10. Using systemd Unit Files for Running Kubernetes Components2.11. Creating a Kubernetes Cluster on Google Kubernetes Engine2.12. Creating a Kubernetes Cluster on Azure Kubernetes Service2.13. Creating a Kubernetes Cluster on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service
3. Learning to Use the Kubernetes Client
3.1. Listing Resources3.2. Deleting Resources3.3. Watching Resource Changes with kubectl3.4. Editing Objects with kubectl3.5. Asking kubectl to Explain Resources and Fields
4. Creating and Modifying Fundamental Workloads
4.1. Creating a Pod Using kubectl run4.2. Creating a Deployment Using kubectl create4.3. Creating Objects from File Manifests4.4. Writing a Pod Manifest from Scratch4.5. Launching a Deployment Using a Manifest4.6. Updating a Deployment4.7. Running a Batch Job4.8. Running a Task on a Schedule Within a Pod4.9. Running Infrastructure Daemons per Node
5. Working with Services
5.1. Creating a Service to Expose Your Application5.2. Verifying the DNS Entry of a Service5.3. Changing the Type of a Service5.4. Deploying an Ingress Controller5.5. Making Services Accessible from Outside the Cluster
6. Managing Application Manifests
6.1. Installing Helm, the Kubernetes Package Manager6.2. Adding Chart Repositories to Helm6.3. Using Helm to Install Applications6.4. Inspecting the Customizable Parameters of a Chart6.5. Overriding Chart Parameters6.6. Getting the User-Supplied Parameters of a Helm Release6.7. Uninstalling Applications with Helm6.8. Creating Your Own Chart to Package Your Application with Helm6.9. Installing Kompose6.10. Converting Your Docker Compose Files to Kubernetes Manifests6.11. Converting Your Docker Compose File to a Helm Chart6.12. Installing kapp6.13. Deploying YAML Manifests Using kapp
7. Exploring the Kubernetes API and Key Metadata
7.1. Discovering the Kubernetes API Server’s Endpoints7.2. Understanding the Structure of a Kubernetes Manifest7.3. Creating Namespaces to Avoid Name Collisions7.4. Setting Quotas Within a Namespace7.5. Labeling an Object7.6. Using Labels for Queries7.7. Annotating a Resource with One Command
8. Volumes and Configuration Data
8.1. Exchanging Data Between Containers via a Local Volume8.2. Passing an API Access Key to a Pod Using a Secret8.3. Providing Configuration Data to an Application8.4. Using a Persistent Volume with Minikube8.5. Understanding Data Persistency on Minikube8.6. Storing Encrypted Secrets in Version Control
9. Scaling
9.1. Scaling a Deployment9.2. Using Horizontal Pod Autoscaling9.3. Automatically Resizing a Cluster in GKE9.4. Automatically Resizing an Amazon EKS Cluster

10. Security
10.1. Providing a Unique Identity for an Application10.2. Listing and Viewing Access Control Information10.3. Controlling Access to Resources10.4. Securing Pods
11. Monitoring and Logging
11.1. Accessing the Logs of a Container11.2. Recovering from a Broken State with a Liveness Probe11.3. Controlling Traffic Flow to a Pod Using a Readiness Probe11.4. Protecting Slow-Starting Containers Using a Start-up Probe11.5. Adding Liveness and Readiness Probes to Your Deployments11.6. Accessing Kubernetes Metrics in the CLI11.7. Using Prometheus and Grafana on Minikube
12. Maintenance and Troubleshooting
12.1. Enabling Autocomplete for kubectl12.2. Removing a Pod from a Service12.3. Accessing a ClusterIP Service Outside the Cluster12.4. Understanding and Parsing Resource Statuses12.5. Debugging Pods12.6. Influencing a Pod’s Start-up Behavior12.7. Getting a Detailed Snapshot of the Cluster State12.8. Adding Kubernetes Worker Nodes12.9. Draining Kubernetes Nodes for Maintenance
13. Service Meshes
13.1. Installing the Istio Service Mesh13.2. Deploying a Microservice with an Istio Sidecar13.3. Routing Traffic Using an Istio Virtual Service13.4. Rewriting a URL Using an Istio Virtual Service13.5. Installing the Linkerd Service Mesh13.6. Deploying a Service into the Linkerd Mesh13.7. Routing Traffic to a Service in Linkerd13.8. Authorizing Traffic to the Server in Linkerd
14. Serverless and Event-Driven Applications
14.1. Installing the Knative Operator14.2. Installing the Knative Serving Component14.3. Installing the Knative CLI14.4. Creating a Knative Service14.5. Installing the Knative Eventing Component14.6. Deploying a Knative Eventing Source14.7. Enabling Knative Eventing Sources14.8. Installing Event Sources from TriggerMesh
15. Extending Kubernetes
15.1. Compiling from Source15.2. Compiling a Specific Component15.3. Using a Python Client to Interact with the Kubernetes API15.4. Extending the API Using Custom Resource Definitions
Appendix. Resources
GeneralTutorials and Examples
Index
About the Authors

Content preview from Kubernetes Cookbook, 2nd Edition

Chapter 14. Serverless and Event-Driven Applications

Serverless represents a cloud native paradigm for development, empowering developers to create and deploy applications without the burden of server management. While servers are still part of the equation, the platform abstracts them away from the intricacies of application development.

In this chapter, you will find recipes that show you how to deploy serverless workloads on Kubernetes using the Knative stack.

14.1 Installing the Knative Operator

Problem

You want to deploy the Knative platform to your cluster.

Solution

Using the Knative Operator, you can easily deploy the Knative stack components to your cluster. The operator defines custom resources (CRs), enabling you to easily configure, install, upgrade, and manage the lifecycle of the Knative stack.

To install version 1.11.4 of the Knative Operator from the release page, do this:

$ kubectl apply -f https://github.com/knative/operator/releases/download/
knative-v1.11.4/operator.yaml

Verify that the operator is running:

$ kubectl get deployment knative-operator
NAME               READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
knative-operator   1/1     1            1           13s

Discussion

Knative is an open source project that develops components for deploying, running, and managing serverless, cloud native applications on Kubernetes. The platform consists of two main components, namely Serving and Eventing.

While the Knative Operator is the preferred method for deploying and configuring the Knative components, alternatively ...

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