book

Kubernetes: Up and Running

by Kelsey Hightower, Brendan Burns, Joe Beda

September 2017

Intermediate to advanced

269 pages

4h 38m

English

O'Reilly Media, Inc.

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Kubernetes: A DedicationWho Should Read This BookWhy We Wrote This BookA Word on Cloud-Native Applications TodayNavigating This BookOnline ResourcesConventions Used in This BookUsing Code ExamplesO’Reilly SafariHow to Contact Us
VelocityThe Value of ImmutabilityDeclarative ConfigurationSelf-Healing SystemsScaling Your Service and Your TeamsDecouplingEasy Scaling for Applications and ClustersScaling Development Teams with MicroservicesSeparation of Concerns for Consistency and ScalingAbstracting Your InfrastructureEfficiencySummary
Container ImagesThe Docker Image FormatBuilding Application Images with DockerDockerfilesImage SecurityOptimizing Image SizesStoring Images in a Remote RegistryThe Docker Container RuntimeRunning Containers with DockerExploring the kuard ApplicationLimiting Resource UsageCleanupSummary
Installing Kubernetes on a Public Cloud ProviderGoogle Container ServiceInstalling Kubernetes with Azure Container ServiceInstalling Kubernetes on Amazon Web ServicesInstalling Kubernetes Locally Using minikubeRunning Kubernetes on Raspberry PiThe Kubernetes ClientChecking Cluster StatusListing Kubernetes Worker NodesCluster ComponentsKubernetes ProxyKubernetes DNSKubernetes UISummary
NamespacesContextsViewing Kubernetes API ObjectsCreating, Updating, and Destroying Kubernetes ObjectsLabeling and Annotating ObjectsDebugging CommandsSummary
Pods in KubernetesThinking with PodsThe Pod ManifestCreating a PodCreating a Pod ManifestRunning PodsListing PodsPod DetailsDeleting a PodAccessing Your PodUsing Port ForwardingGetting More Info with LogsRunning Commands in Your Container with execCopying Files to and from ContainersHealth ChecksLiveness ProbeReadiness ProbeTypes of Health ChecksResource ManagementResource Requests: Minimum Required ResourcesCapping Resource Usage with LimitsPersisting Data with VolumesUsing Volumes with PodsDifferent Ways of Using Volumes with PodsPersisting Data Using Remote DisksPutting It All TogetherSummary
LabelsApplying LabelsModifying LabelsLabel SelectorsLabel Selectors in API ObjectsAnnotationsDefining AnnotationsCleanupSummary
What Is Service Discovery?The Service ObjectService DNSReadiness ChecksLooking Beyond the ClusterCloud IntegrationAdvanced DetailsEndpointsManual Service Discoverykube-proxy and Cluster IPsCluster IP Environment VariablesCleanupSummary
Reconciliation LoopsRelating Pods and ReplicaSetsAdopting Existing ContainersQuarantining ContainersDesigning with ReplicaSetsReplicaSet SpecPod TemplatesLabelsCreating a ReplicaSetInspecting a ReplicaSetFinding a ReplicaSet from a PodFinding a Set of Pods for a ReplicaSetScaling ReplicaSetsImperative Scaling with kubectl ScaleDeclaratively Scaling with kubectl applyAutoscaling a ReplicaSetDeleting ReplicaSetsSummary
DaemonSet SchedulerCreating DaemonSetsLimiting DaemonSets to Specific NodesAdding Labels to NodesNode SelectorsUpdating a DaemonSetUpdating a DaemonSet by Deleting Individual PodsRolling Update of a DaemonSetDeleting a DaemonSetSummary

The Job ObjectJob PatternsOne ShotParallelismWork QueuesSummary
ConfigMapsCreating ConfigMapsUsing a ConfigMapSecretsCreating SecretsConsuming SecretsPrivate Docker RegistriesNaming ConstraintsManaging ConfigMaps and SecretsListingCreatingUpdatingSummary
Your First DeploymentDeployment InternalsCreating DeploymentsManaging DeploymentsUpdating DeploymentsScaling a DeploymentUpdating a Container ImageRollout HistoryDeployment StrategiesRecreate StrategyRollingUpdate StrategySlowing Rollouts to Ensure Service HealthDeleting a DeploymentSummary
Importing External ServicesServices Without SelectorsLimitations of External Services: Health CheckingRunning Reliable SingletonsRunning a MySQL SingletonDynamic Volume ProvisioningKubernetes-Native Storage with StatefulSetsProperties of StatefulSetsManually Replicated MongoDB with StatefulSetsAutomating MongoDB Cluster CreationPersistent Volumes and StatefulSetsOne Final Thing: Readiness ProbesSummary
ParsePrerequisitesBuilding the parse-serverDeploying the parse-serverTesting ParseGhostConfiguring GhostRedisConfiguring RedisCreating a Redis ServiceDeploying RedisPlaying with Our Redis ClusterSummary
Parts ListFlashing ImagesFirst Boot: MasterSetting Up NetworkingInstalling KubernetesSetting Up the ClusterSummary

Content preview from Kubernetes: Up and Running

Chapter 14. Deploying Real-World Applications

The previous chapters described a variety of API objects that are available in a Kubernetes cluster and ways in which those objects can best be used to construct reliable distributed systems. However, none of the preceding chapters really discussed how you might use the objects in practice to deploy a complete, real-world application. That is the focus of this chapter.

We’ll take a look at three real-world applications:

Parse, an open source API server for mobile applications
Ghost, a blogging and content management platform
Redis, a lightweight, performant key/value store

These complete examples should give you a better idea of how to structure your own deployments using Kubernetes.

Parse

The Parse server is a cloud API dedicated to providing easy-to-use storage for mobile applications. It provides a variety of different client libraries that make it easy to integrate with Android, iOS, and other mobile platforms. Parse was purchased by Facebook in 2013 and subsequently shut down. Fortunately for us, a compatible server was open sourced by the core Parse team and is available for us to use. This section describes how to set up Parse in Kubernetes.

Prerequisites

Parse uses MongoDB cluster for its storage. Chapter 13 described how to set up a replicated MongoDB using Kubernetes StatefulSets. This section assumes you have a three-replica Mongo cluster running in Kubernetes with the names mongo-0.mongo, mongo-1.mongo, and