Introduction

Strategies define the preferred future to be achieved. The manner in which we use the inputs to an academic system determines the results we achieve. When the inputs are used in such a manner so as to achieve a specific set of objectives (mission), then we have a tactic.

Universities seek to attract, among other things, good students, funds, faculty, and research grants, and they compete with each other in doing so. In order to be successful, universities must be skilled competitors in the higher education sector of our society. Competitive tactics for universities include cost, differentiation, and customer service. Most organizations, including universities, pursue mixed competitive tactics that include some or all of these (Heizer ...

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