6 The Dark Triad May Not be So Dark: Exploring Why “Toxic” Leaders Are So Common—With Some Implications for Scholarship and Education1

Jeffrey Pfeffer

DOI: 10.4324/9781003265122-6

Research on topics such as the “dark triad” of personality traits (Furnham et al., 2013), including leader narcissism (Braun, 2017), Machiavellianism (Jones & Mueller, 2021), elements of psychopathy (Neo et al., 2018), and the effects of toxic leader behavior on individual and organizational outcomes (Braun, 2017) has proliferated. And no wonder. The world seemingly faces a plethora of problematic leaders who provide a continuing source of wonder and commentary for observers who do not understand how the narcissists and psychopaths can not only achieve powerful positions ...

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