Learn pfSense 2.4

IP addressing

Because of the dominance of TCP/IP on modern networks, it is important to understand the address scheme used by IP. The original address structure called for 32-bit addresses, divided into four octets of 8 bits each. This form of addressing in known as IPv4. Thus, when expressed in base-10 form, the addresses are expressed as four base-10 numbers—for example, 192.168.1.1. IP addresses are further divided into a network address (or prefix) and a node address. The network address is the portion of the address that identifies each network it is, and can be determined by the subnet mask. For example, if our subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, then the first 24 bits of the address form the network portion of the address. Thus, our network ...