book

Learn to Program with C

by Noel Kalicharan

December 2015

Beginner

336 pages

7h 4m

English

Apress

Read now

Unlock full access

1.1 Programs, Languages, and Compilers1.2 How a Computer Solves a Problem1.2.1 Define the Problem1.2.2 Analyze the Problem1.2.3 Develop an Algorithm to Solve the Problem1.2.4 Write the Program for the Algorithm1.2.5 Test and Debug the Program1.2.6 Document the Program1.2.7 Maintain the Program1.3 How a Computer Executes a Program1.4 Data Types1.5 Characters1.6 Welcome to C Programming1.6.1 Run the Program1.6.2 A Word on Program Layout1.7 Write Output with printf1.7.1 The Newline Character, \n (backslash n)1.7.2 Escape Sequences1.7.3 Print the Value of a Variable1.8 Comments1.9 Programming with Variables
2.1 Introduction2.2 The C Alphabet2.3 C Tokens2.3.1 Spacing Within a Program2.3.2 Reserved Words2.3.3 Identifiers2.3.4 Some Naming Conventions2.4 Basic Data Types2.5 Integer Numbers - int2.5.1 Declaring Variables2.5.2 Integer Expressions2.5.3 Precedence of Operators2.5.4 Print an Integer Using a “Field Width”2.6 Floating-Point Numbers – float and double2.6.1 Print double and float Variables2.6.2 Assignment Between double and float2.6.3 Floating-Point Expressions2.6.4 Expressions with Integer and Floating-Point Values2.6.5 Assigning double/float to int2.7 Strings2.8 The Assignment Statement2.9 printf
3.1 Introduction3.2 Read Data Supplied by a User3.3 scanf3.3.1 Read Data Into a float Variable3.3.2 Read Data Into a double Variable3.4 Read Strings3.5 Examples3.5.1 Problem 1 - Average3.5.2 Problem 2 - Square3.5.3 Problem 3 - Banking3.5.4 Problem 4 – Tickets
4.1 Introduction4.2 Boolean Expressions4.2.1 AND, &4.2.2 OR, ||4.2.3 NOT, !4.3 The if Construct4.3.1 Find the Sum of Two Lengths4.4 The if...else Construct4.4.1 Calculate Pay4.5 On Program Testing4.6 Symbolic Constants4.6.1 The #define Directive4.6.2 Example – Symbolic Constants4.7 More Examples4.7.1 Print a Letter Grade4.7.2 Classify a Triangle
5.1 Introduction5.2 The while Construct5.2.1 Highest Common Factor5.3 Keep a Count5.3.1 Find Average5.4 Increment and Decrement Operators5.5 Assignment Operators5.6 Find Largest5.7 Find Smallest5.8 Read Data from a File5.8.1 fscanf5.8.2 Find Average of Numbers in a File5.9 Send Output to a File5.9.1 fprintf5.10 Payroll5.11 The for Construct5.11.1 The for Statement in C5.11.2 A Bit of Aesthetics5.12 Multiplication Tables5.13 Temperature Conversion Table5.14 Expressive Power of for5.15 The do...while Statement5.15.1 Highest Common Factor5.15.2 Interest at the Bank
6.1 Character Sets6.2 Character Constants and Values6.3 The Type char6.4 Characters in Arithmetic Expressions6.4.1 Uppercase To/From Lowercase6.5 Read and Print Characters6.6 Count Characters6.6.1 Count Characters in a Line6.7 Count Blanks in a Line of Data6.8 Compare Characters6.9 Read Characters from a File6.10 Write Characters to a File6.10.1 Echo Input, Number Lines6.11 Convert Digit Characters to Integer
7.1 About Functions7.2 skipLines7.3 A Program with a Function7.3.1 The Function Header7.3.2 How a Function Gets Its Data7.4 max7.5 Print the Day7.6 Highest Common Factor7.6.1 Using HCF to Find LCM7.7 factorial7.7.1 Using Factorial7.7.2 Combinations7.8 Job Charge7.9 Calculate Pay7.10 Sum of Exact Divisors7.10.1 Classify Numbers7.11 Some Character Functions7.11.1 Position of a Letter in the Alphabet7.12 Fetch the Next Integer
8.1 Simple vs Array Variable8.2 Array Declaration8.3 Store Values in an Array8.3.1 About Not Using Element 08.4 Average and Differences from Average8.5 Letter Frequency Count8.6 Making Better Use of fopen8.7 Array as Argument to a Function8.8 String – Array of Characters8.8.1 Reverse the Characters in a String8.9 Palindrome8.9.1 A Better Palindrome Function8.10 Array of Strings – Name of Day Revisited8.11 A Flexible getString Function8.12 A Geography Quiz Program8.13 Find the Largest Number8.14 Find the Smallest Number8.15 A Voting Problem
9.1 Sequential Search9.2 Selection Sort9.2.1 Analysis of Selection Sort9.3 Insertion Sort9.3.1 Analysis of Insertion Sort9.3.2 Insert an Element in Place9.4 Sort an Array of Strings9.4.1 Variable-Length Arrays9.5 Sort Parallel Arrays9.6 Binary Search9.7 Word Frequency Count9.8 Merge Sorted Lists9.8.1 Implement the Merge
10.1 The Need for Structures10.2 How to Declare a Structure10.2.1 typedef10.3 Array of Structure10.4 Search an Array of Structure10.5 Sort an Array of Structure10.6 Read, Search, and Sort a Structure10.7 Nested Structures10.8 Work with Fractions10.8.1 Manipulate Fractions10.9 A Voting Problem10.10 Pass Structures to Functions

Content preview from Learn to Program with C

CHAPTER 10

Structures

In this chapter, we will explain the following:

What a structure is
How to declare a structure
How to use typedef to work with structures more conveniently
How to work with an array of structures
How to search an array of structures
How to sort an array of structures
How to declare nested structures
How to use structures to manipulate fractions
How to use structures to store parallel arrays
How structures can be passed to a function

10.1 The Need for Structures

In C, a structure is a collection of one or more variables, possibly of different types, grouped together under a single name for convenient handling.

There are ...