Local Flow actions in the Flow are comprised of quick actions and other utility actions, such as posting to chatter, sending emails, submitting for approvals, adding tasks, adding call records, and many more. The following screenshot shows some of the quick actions that are available in the Flow builder out of the box:
A Lightning Component can also be used as a Flow action. This allows you to execute client-side third-party API calls (using an XHR request to the server), tap into browser-related APIs to access the camera, and capture photos, videos, record audios, and many more utilities.