dmesg
[ -c ] [ -n level ] [ -s bufsize ]
This command is used to display or control the contents of the kernel ring buffer, which contains the bootup messages.
Example: To get the boot messages from your last system startup, use
dmesg | less
Example: To set your console to display messages with annoying frequency, use
dmesg -n 3
| -c | Clear the contents of the ring buffer after printing. |
| -sbufsize | Specify the size of the buffer used to query the kernel ring buffer. Default is 8196. |
| -nlevel | Specify the level at which log messages are displayed to the console. Note that messages are sent to /proc/kmsg regardless of level. Typically, this is set to 1, which filters all but panic messages. |
halt
[-n] [-w] [-d] [-f] [-i] [-p]
reboot
[-n] [-w] ...
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