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Figure 9.113 Illustration of the SVD concept [46].

In general, the precoding algorithms for multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) can be classified into linear and non-linear classes. Linear precoding schemes can achieve reasonable performance with lower complexity compared to non-linear precoding techniques. Linear precoding includes unitary and zero-forcing precoding schemes. Non-linear precoding can achieve near optimal capacity at the expense of increased complexity. Non-linear precoding is designed based on the concept of dirty paper coding (DPC), where any known interference at the transmitter can be canceled if the optimal precoding scheme is ...

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