CHAPTER 9

Operations and Budgeting

KEY WORDS

Operational control system

Output and input standards

Internal and external controls

Management by exception (MBE)

Management by objectives (MBO)

Performance appraisal system

Management information system (MIS)

Budgets

Fixed and flexible budgets

Zero-based budgets

Short- and long-term budgets

Budgetary process

Budget control system

Summary budget

Detailed budget

Project budget

Cash flow projections

Before we move on to the topics of finance, economics, marketing, and fundraising, we need to examine the areas of operational control, management information systems, and budgets. We have seen how planning helps set the organization’s direction and establish financial resource needs. We have studied the ...

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