assignable cause variations, 155–157, 238
assignable variation, 138–139
attribute charts, 267
attribute control charts, 209
c-chart, 229–234
np chart, 226–229
p-chart, 210–226
background noise, 138
bell-shaped distribution, 63
box plot, 64
applications, 70–71
five-number summary, 67–70
of utility bill data, 69
business strategy, 21
capability indexes
process capability using, 252–257
capable process, 49
categorical data, 41
cause-and-effect diagram, 270, 271
c-chart, 268. See also np chart; p-chart
construction and application, 231–234
development, 230
examples, 229
Poisson distribution, 230
steps for constructing, 230–231
center line (CL), 158, 160
central limit theorem, 96, 101–103
in x̄ chart, 169–170
chance causes of variation, 155 ...
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