CHAPTER NINE

A New Era of Innovation

We teach people that everything that matters happens between your ears, when in fact it actually happens between people.

—SANDY PENTLAND

As we near the end of this book, let’s revisit the story about the discovery of penicillin that we first saw in Chapter 1. If you recall, Alexander Fleming first discovered the antibacterial effects of the mold at St. Mary’s Hospital in London in 1928. As a skilled laboratory scientist with a medical degree, he had exactly the qualifications someone would need to discover an obscure mold with the potential to cure disease. However, he had very few of the skills one would need to transform that discovery into a cure.

In fact, what Fleming discovered couldn’t cure anyone. ...

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