book

Mastering Linux Administration - Second Edition

by Alexandru Calcatinge, Julian Balog

March 2024

Intermediate to advanced

764 pages

19h 13m

English

Packt Publishing

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Who this book is forWhat this book coversTo get the most out of this bookDownload the example code filesConventions usedGet in touchShare Your ThoughtsDownload a free PDF copy of this book
Technical requirementsIntroducing the Linux operating systemExploring Linux distributionsChoosing a Linux distributionInstalling Linux – the basicsHow to install Linux on bare metalLinux in a VMVM provisioning using Hyper-VVM provisioning using Oracle’s VirtualBoxEnabling Windows Subsystem for LinuxInstalling Linux – the advanced stagesThe Linux boot processPXE network boot explainedLinux distributions – a practical guideCase study – development workstationCase study – secure web serverUse case – personal blogUse case – media serverSummaryQuestionsFurther reading
Technical requirementsIntroducing the Linux shellEstablishing the shell connectionThe command-line promptShell command typesExplaining the command structureConsulting the manualThe Linux filesystemDirectory structureWorking with files and directoriesUnderstanding file pathsBasic file operationsCommands for file viewingCommands for file propertiesUsing text editors to create and edit filesUsing Vim to edit text filesThe nano text editorSummaryQuestionsFurther reading
Technical requirementsLinux software package typesThe DEB and RPM package typesThe snap and flatpak package typesManaging software packagesManaging DEB packagesManaging RPM packagesUsing the snap and flatpak packagesInstalling new desktop environments in LinuxInstalling KDE Plasma on Fedora LinuxSummaryQuestionsFurther reading
Technical requirementsManaging usersUnderstanding sudoCreating, modifying, and deleting usersManaging groupsCreating, modifying, and deleting groupsManaging permissionsFile and directory permissionsSummaryQuestionsFurther reading
Technical requirementsIntroducing processesUnderstanding process typesThe anatomy of a processWorking with processesUsing the ps commandUsing the pstree commandUsing the top commandUsing the kill and killall commandsUsing the pgrep and pkill commandsWorking with daemonsWorking with systemd daemonsExplaining inter-process communicationWorking with signalsSummaryQuestionsFurther reading
Technical requirementsUnderstanding devices in LinuxLinux abstraction layersDevice files and naming conventionsUnderstanding filesystem types in LinuxUnderstanding disks and partitionsCommon disk typesPartitioning disksIntroducing LVM in LinuxLVM snapshotsSummaryQuestionsFurther reading

Technical requirementsExploring basic networkingComputer networksThe OSI modelThe TCP/IP network stack modelTCP/IP protocolsIP addressesSockets and portsLinux network configurationWorking with network servicesDHCP serversDNS serversAuthentication serversFile sharingPrinter serversFile transferMail serversNTP serversRemote accessUnderstanding network securitySummaryQuestionsFurther reading
Technical requirementsExploring the Linux shellBash shell featuresBash shell variablesBasics of shell scriptingCreating a shell script fileVariables in shell scriptsUsing mathematical expressions in shell scriptsUsing programming structuresUsing arrays in BashReading input dataFormatting output dataUnderstanding exit statuses and testing structuresUsing conditional if statementsUsing looping statementsWorking with functionsUsing sed and (g)awk commandsUsing scripts to showcase interprocess communicationShared storageUnnamed pipesNamed pipesSocketsScripting for administrative tasksCreating scripts for system administrative tasksPackaging scriptsSummaryQuestionsFurther reading
Technical requirementsUnderstanding Linux securityIntroducing SELinuxWorking with SELinuxIntroducing AppArmorWorking with AppArmorFinal considerationsWorking with firewallsUnderstanding the firewall chainIntroducing NetfilterWorking with iptablesIntroducing nftablesUsing firewall managersSummaryExercisesFurther reading
Technical requirementsPlanning for disaster recoveryA brief introduction to risk managementRisk calculationDesigning a DRPBacking up and restoring the systemDisk cloning solutionsIntroducing common Linux diagnostic tools for troubleshootingTools for troubleshooting boot issuesTools for troubleshooting general system issuesTools for troubleshooting network issuesTools for troubleshooting hardware issuesSummaryQuestionsFurther reading
Technical requirementsIntroduction to virtualization on LinuxEfficiency in resource usageIntroduction to hypervisorsUnderstanding Linux KVMsChoosing the hypervisorUsing the KVM hypervisorWorking with basic KVM commandsCreating a VM using the command lineBasic VM managementAdvanced KVM managementConnecting to a VMCloning VMsCreating VM templatesObtaining VM and host resource informationManaging VM resource usageProvisioning VMs using cloud-initUnderstanding how cloud-init worksInstalling and configuring cloud-initPublic key authentication with SSHSummaryExercisesFurther reading
Technical requirementsUnderstanding Linux containersComparing containers and VMsUnderstanding the underlying container technologyUnderstanding DockerWorking with DockerWhich Docker version to choose?Installing DockerUsing some Docker commandsManaging Docker containersWorking with DockerfilesBuilding container images from DockerfilesDeploying a containerized application with DockerDeploying a website using DockerSummaryQuestionsFurther reading
Technical requirementsIntroducing Linux servicesSetting up SSHInstalling and configuring OpenSSH on UbuntuSetting up a DNS serverCaching a DNS serviceCreating a primary DNS serverSetting up a secondary DNS serverSetting up a DHCP serverSetting up an NFS serverInstalling and configuring the NFS serverConfiguring the NFS clientTesting the NFS setupSetting up a Samba file serverInstalling and configuring SambaCreating Samba usersAccessing the Samba sharesSummaryQuestionsFurther reading
Technical requirementsIntroduction to cloud technologiesExploring the cloud computing standardsUnderstanding the architecture of the cloudKnowing the key features of cloud computingIntroducing IaaS solutionsAmazon EC2Microsoft Azure Virtual MachinesOther strong IaaS offeringsIntroducing PaaS solutionsAmazon Elastic BeanstalkGoogle App EngineDigitalOcean App PlatformOpen source PaaS solutionsIntroducing CaaS solutionsIntroducing the Kubernetes container orchestration solutionDeploying containers in the cloudIntroducing microservicesIntroducing DevOpsExploring cloud management toolsAnsiblePuppetChef InfraSummaryFurther reading
Technical requirementsWorking with AWS EC2Introducing and creating AWS EC2 instancesIntroducing AWS EC2 placement groupsUsing AWS EC2 instancesWorking with the AWS CLIWorking with Microsoft AzureCreating and deploying a virtual machineConnecting with SSH to a virtual machineManaging virtual machinesWorking with the Azure CLISummaryQuestionsFurther reading
Technical requirementsIntroducing KubernetesUnderstanding the Kubernetes architectureIntroducing the Kubernetes object modelThe anatomy of a Kubernetes clusterInstalling and configuring KubernetesInstalling Kubernetes on a desktopInstalling Kubernetes on VMsWorking with KubernetesUsing kubectlDeploying applicationsRunning Kubernetes in the cloudSummaryQuestionsFurther reading
Technical requirementsIntroducing Ansible architecture and configuration managementUnderstanding the Ansible architectureIntroducing configuration managementInstalling AnsibleInstalling Ansible on UbuntuInstalling Ansible using pipWorking with AnsibleSetting up the lab environmentConfiguring AnsibleUsing Ansible ad hoc commandsExploring Ansible modulesUsing Ansible playbooksUsing templates with Jinja2Creating Ansible rolesSummaryQuestionsFurther reading
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Content preview from Mastering Linux Administration - Second Edition

10 Disaster Recovery, Diagnostics, and Troubleshooting

In this chapter, you will learn how to do a system backup and restore in a disaster recovery scenario, and how to diagnose and troubleshoot a common array of problems. These are skills that each Linux system administrator needs to have if they wish to be prepared for worst-case scenarios such as power outages, theft, or hardware failure. The world’s IT backbone runs on Linux and we need to be prepared for anything that life throws at us.

In this chapter, we’re going to cover the following main topics: