Transport Layer Security (TLS)—the successor of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)—provides encrypted communication by authenticating the other party in a connection (who they say they are), for example, accessing a bank site using a web browser such as Firefox, Chrome, or Safari. The TLS handshake can be seen in the following diagram:
The steps for this are as follows:
- The browser (client) sends (plaintext) a client hello message with the TLS version, a large random number (client_random), session_id, and cipher supported.
- The website (server) replies (plaintext) with a server hello message with the chosen ...
