1Mathematical Analysis

We present some materials from mathematical analysis, which will be used throughout this book. More detailed arguments can be found in any mathematical analysis monograph.

1.1 Infimum and Supremum

Let upper S be a subset of double-struck upper R. The upper and lower bounds of upper S are defined below.

  • We say that u is an upper bound of upper S when there exists a real number u satisfying x less-than-or-equal-to u for every x element-of upper S. In this case, we also say that upper S is bounded above by u.
  • We say that is a lower bound of when there exists a real ...

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