Measuring Circuits

Measuring Circuits

by Rudolf F. Graf
Released December 1996
Publisher(s): Newnes
ISBN: 9780080511344

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Book description

This series of circuits provides designers with a quick source for measuring circuits. Why waste time paging through huge encyclopedias when you can choose the topic you need and select any of the specialized circuits sorted by application?This book in the series has 250-300 practical, ready-to-use circuit designs, with schematics and brief explanations of circuit operation. The original source for each circuit is listed in an appendix, making it easy to obtain additional information.
  • Ready-to-use circuits
  • Grouped by application for easy look-up
  • Circuit source listings

Table of contents

  1. Cover image
  2. Title page
  3. Table of Contents
  4. Other Books in this Series
  5. Copyright
  6. Introduction
  7. Chapter 1: Battery Monitoring Circuits
    1. BATTERY STATUS INDICATOR
    2. LOW-BATTERY INDICATOR I
    3. LOW-BATTERY INDICATOR II
    4. BATTERY-LEVEL INDICATOR
    5. BATTERY-THRESHOLD INDICATOR
    6. VOLTAGE-DETECTOR RELAY FOR BATTERY CHARGER
    7. BATTERY-CHARGE/DISCHARGE INDICATOR
    8. PRECISION BATTERY-VOLTAGE MONITOR FOR HTS
    9. LOW-VOLTAGE MONITOR
    10. UNDERVOLTAGE INDICATOR FOR BATTERY-OPERATED EQUIPMENT
    11. BATTERY-CONDITION INDICATOR
    12. EQUIPMENT-ON REMINDER
    13. BATTERY-VOLTAGE MONITOR
    14. BATTERY MONITOR
    15. LITHIUM BATTERY STATE-OF-CHARGE INDICATOR
    16. STEP-UP SWITCHING REGULATOR FOR 6-V BATTERIES
    17. DYNAMIC, CONSTANT-CURRENT LOAD FOR FUEL CELL/BATTERY TESTING
    18. CAR BATTERY-CONDITION CHECKER
    19. CAR-BATTERY MONITOR
  8. Chapter 2: Comparator Circuits
    1. DIODE FEEDBACK COMPARATOR
    2. UNDERVOLTAGE/OVERVOLTAGE INDICATOR
    3. COMPARATOR WITH VARIABLE HYSTERESIS
    4. LIMIT COMPARATOR I
    5. COMPARATOR CLOCK CIRCUIT
    6. DOUBLE-ENDED LIMIT COMPARATOR
    7. LIMIT COMPARATOR II
    8. COMPARATOR WITH TIME OUT
    9. NONINVERTING COMPARATOR WITH HYSTERESIS
    10. DUAL-LIMIT COMPARATOR
    11. HIGH-/LOW-LIMIT ALARM
    12. PRECISION DUAL-LIMIT GO/NO-GO TESTER
    13. COMPARATOR WITH HYSTERESIS
    14. HIGH-IMPEDANCE COMPARATOR
    15. COMPARATOR
    16. OPPOSITE-POLARITY INPUT-VOLTAGE COMPARATOR
    17. INVERTING COMPARATOR WITH HYSTERESIS
  9. Chapter 3: Bridge Circuits
    1. BRIDGE CIRCUIT
    2. TYPICAL TWO OP-AMP BRIDGE-TYPE DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER
    3. BRIDGE TRANSDUCER AMPLIFIER
    4. STRAIN GAUGE SIGNAL CONDITIONER WITH BRIDGE EXCITATION
    5. BRIDGE BALANCE INDICATOR
    6. LOW-POWER COMMON-SOURCE AMPLIFIER
    7. AMPLIFIER FOR BRIDGE TRANSDUCERS
    8. AUTO-ZEROING SCALE
    9. ACCURATE-NULL/VARIABLE-GAIN CIRCUIT
    10. ac BRIDGE
    11. STRAIN-GAUGE BRIDGE-SIGNAL CONDITIONER
  10. Chapter 4: Capacitance Measuring Circuits
    1. ACCURATE DIGITAL CAPACITANCE METER
    2. CAPACITANCE-TO-VOLTAGE METER
    3. 3½-DIGIT A/D CAPACITANCE METER
    4. CAPACITANCE METER I
    5. CAPACITANCE METER II
  11. Chapter 5: Counter Circuits
    1. FREQUENCY-COUNTER PREAMP
    2. 10-MHz FREQUENCY COUNTER
    3. LOW-POWER WIDE-RANGE PROGRAMMABLE COUNTER
    4. 40-MHz UNIVERSAL COUNTER
    5. 1.2 GHz FREQUENCY COUNTER
    6. UP/DOWN COUNTER/EXTREME-COUNT FREEZER
  12. Chapter 6: Current-Measuring Circuits
    1. ELECTROMETER AMPLIFIER WITH OVERLOAD PROTECTION
    2. PICOAMMETER CIRCUIT
    3. NANOAMPERE SENSING CIRCUIT WITH 100-MΩ INPUT IMPEDANCE
    4. CURRENT MONITOR
    5. GUARDED-INPUT PICOAMMETER CIRCUIT
    6. AMMETER WITH SIX-DECADE RANGE I
    7. AMMETER WITH SIX-DECADE RANGE II
    8. SUPPLY RAIL CURRENT SENSOR
    9. PICOAMMETER
    10. NANOAMMETER
  13. Chapter 7: Dip-Meter Circuits
    1. DUAL-GATE IGFET (MOSFET) DIP METER
    2. VARICAP-TUNED FET DIP METER WITH 1-kHz MODULATION
    3. LITTLE DIPPER
    4. N-CHANNEL IGFET (MOSFET) DIP METER AND SEPARATE DIODE DETECTOR
    5. BASIC GRID-DIP METER
    6. GERMANIUM PNP BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR DIP METER WITH SEPARATE DIODE DETECTOR
    7. 1.8- to 150-MHz GATE-DIP METER
    8. SILICON JUNCTION FET DIP METER
  14. Chapter 8: Display Circuits
    1. VACUUM FLUORESCENT DISPLAY
    2. EXPANDED-SCALE METER
    3. EXCLAMATION POINT DISPLAY
    4. LED BAR PEAK METER DISPLAY
    5. LED BRIGHTNESS CONTROL
    6. 10-MHz UNIVERSAL COUNTER
    7. 12-HOUR CLOCK WITH GAS-DISCHARGE DISPLAYS
    8. PRECISION FREQUENCY COUNTER (∼1 MHz MAXIMUM)
    9. LOW-COST BAR-GRAPH INDICATOR FOR ac SIGNALS
    10. 60-dB DOT MODE DISPLAY
    11. BAR DISPLAY WITH ALARM FLASHER
    12. LED-BAR/DOT-LEVEL METER
    13. LED BAR-GRAPH DRIVER
  15. Chapter 9: Field-Strength Meter Circuits
    1. LF OR HF FIELD-STRENGTH METER
    2. UNTUNED FIELD-STRENGTH METER
    3. TUNED FIELD-STRENGTH METER
    4. VOM FIELD-STRENGTH METER
    5. RF SNIFFER
    6. SENSITIVE FIELD-STRENGTH METER
    7. FIELD-STRENGTH METER I
    8. FIELD-STRENGTH METER II
    9. FIELD-STRENGTH METER III
    10. RECEIVER SIGNAL ALARM
    11. RF-ACTUATED RELAY
    12. ON-THE-AIR INDICATOR
    13. HIGH-SENSITIVITY FIELD-STRENGTH METER
    14. TRANSMISSION INDICATOR
    15. ADJUSTABLE-SENSITIVITY FIELD-STRENGTH INDICATOR
    16. SIMPLE FIELD-STRENGTH METER
  16. Chapter 10: Frequency-Measuring Circuits
    1. POWER-LINE FREQUENCY METER
    2. AUDIO FREQUENCY METER
    3. INEXPENSIVE FREQUENCY COUNTER/TACHOMETER
    4. LINEAR FREQUENCY METER (AUDIO SPECTRUM)
    5. LOW-COST FREQUENCY INDICATOR
  17. Chapter 11: Indicator Circuits
    1. BEAT-FREQUENCY INDICATOR
    2. THREE-STEP LEVEL INDICATOR
    3. STEREO INDICATOR
    4. VISUAL LEVEL INDICATOR
    5. 10-STEP VOLTAGE-LEVEL INDICATOR
    6. INDICATOR AND ALARM
    7. FIVE-STEP VOLTAGE-LEVEL INDICATOR
  18. Chapter 12: Light-Measuring Circuits
    1. LINEAR LIGHT-METER CIRCUIT
    2. LOGARITHMIC LIGHT-METER CIRCUIT
    3. LIGHT METER I
    4. LIGHT METER II
    5. LIGHT METER III
    6. PRECISION PHOTODIODE COMPARATOR
  19. Chapter 13: Measuring and Test Circuits
    1. PHASE METER
    2. PRECISION CALIBRATION STANDARD
    3. ZENER DIODE CHECKER
    4. SOUND-LEVEL MONITOR
    5. LINEAR VARIABLE DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORMER (LVDT) DRIVER DEMODULATOR
    6. PHASE DIFFERENCE MEASURER (FROM 0° TO ±180°)
    7. GROUND TESTER
    8. MAKING SLOW LOGIC PULSES AUDIBLE
    9. SENSITIVE RF VOLTMETER
    10. MINIMUM COMPONENT TACHOMETER
    11. LINEAR VARIABLE DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORMER (LVDT) MEASURING GAUGE
    12. VIBRATION METER
    13. DIGITAL WEIGHT SCALE
    14. LOW-COST pH METER
    15. PH PROBE AMPLIFIER/TEMPERATURE COMPENSATOR
    16. TRANSISTOR SORTER/TESTER
    17. GO/NO-GO DIODE TESTER
    18. RESISTANCE-RATIO DETECTOR
    19. CONTINUITY TESTER FOR PCBs
    20. MAGNETOMETER
    21. DIODE TESTER
    22. PEAK LEVEL INDICATOR
    23. FET CURVE TRACER
    24. WIRE TRACER
    25. DIODE TESTER
    26. SCR TESTER
    27. DIGITAL FREQUENCY METER
    28. S METER
    29. HOT-WIRE ANEMOMETER
    30. LOW-POWER MAGNETIC CURRENT SENSOR
    31. LINE-CURRENT MONITOR
    32. PRECISION FREQUENCY COUNTER/TACHOMETER
    33. MOTOR HOUR METER
    34. PAPER SHEET DISCRIMINATOR FOR PRINTING AND COPYING MACHINES
    35. STUD FINDER
    36. CURRENT MONITOR AND ALARM
    37. PICOAMMETER CIRCUIT
    38. UNIDIRECTIONAL MOTION SENSOR
    39. DUTY CYCLE MONITOR
    40. 3-IN-1 TEST SET
    41. STEREO POWER METER
    42. WIDE-RANGE RF POWER METER
    43. LED PEAK METER
    44. LC CHECKER
    45. TACHOMETER AND DIRECTION-OF-ROTATION CIRCUIT
    46. AUDIBLE LOGIC TESTER
    47. LOW-CURRENT MEASUREMENT SYSTEM
    48. SIMPLE CONTINUITY TESTER
    49. SOUND-LEVEL METER
    50. LED PANEL METER
    51. OPTICAL PICK-UP TACHOMETER
    52. VERY SHORT PULSE-WIDTH MEASURER
    53. QRP SWR BRIDGE
    54. PEAK-dB METER
  20. Chapter 14: Oscilloscope Circuits
    1. OSCILLOSCOPE CALIBRATOR
    2. SCOPE SENSITIVITY AMPLIFIER
    3. SCOPE EXTENDER
    4. EIGHT-CHANNEL VOLTAGE DISPLAY
    5. ANALOG MULTIPLEXER (CONVERTS SINGLE-TRACE SCOPE TO FOUR-TRACE)
    6. OSCILLOSCOPE CONVERTER (PROVIDES FOUR-CHANNEL DISPLAYS)
    7. OSCILLOSCOPE/COUNTER PREAMPLIFIER
    8. OSCILLOSCOPE-TRIGGERED SWEEP
    9. OSCILLOSCOPE MONITOR
    10. BEAM SPLITTER FOR OSCILLOSCOPE
    11. ADD-ON SCOPE MULTIPLEXER
    12. OSCILLOSCOPE PREAMPLIFIER
    13. FET DUAL-TRACE SCOPE SWITCH
    14. SCOPE CALIBRATOR
    15. SCOPE CIRCLE DRAWER
    16. TRANSMITTER-OSCILLOSCOPE COUPLER FOR CB SIGNALS
    17. CRO DOUBLER
    18. 10.7-MHz SWEEP GENERATOR
  21. Chapter 15: Power-Measuring Circuits
    1. EXTENDED-RANGE VU METER (DOT MODE)
    2. AUDIO POWER METER I
    3. AUDIO POWER METER II
    4. POWER METER (1 kW FULL SCALE)
    5. 60-MHz POWER-GAIN TEST CIRCUIT
  22. Chapter 16: Probe Circuits
    1. DIGITAL LOGIC PROBE
    2. 650-MHz AMPLIFYING PRESCALER PROBE
    3. BATTERY-POWERED GROUND-NOISE PROBE
    4. INJECTOR/TRACER
    5. LOW-INPUT CAPACITANCE BUFFER
    6. RF PROBE I
    7. CMOS UNIVERSAL LOGIC PROBE
    8. 4- TO 220-V TEST PROBE
    9. FET PROBE
    10. pH PROBE AND DETECTOR
    11. SIGNAL INJECTOR/TRACER
    12. LOGIC PROBE
    13. LOGIC TEST PROBE WITH MEMORY
    14. CLAMP-ON CURRENT-PROBE COMPENSATOR
    15. MICROVOLT PROBE
    16. CMOS LOGIC PROBE
    17. RF PROBE FOR VOM
    18. LOGIC PROBE
    19. SIMPLE LOGIC PROBE
    20. AUDIO/RF SIGNAL-TRACER PROBE
    21. TTL LOGIC TESTER
    22. 1,000-MΩ dc PROBE
    23. AUDIBLE TTL PROBE
    24. LOGIC PROBE WITH THREE DISCRETE STATES
    25. SINGLE INJECTOR-TRACER
    26. GENERAL-PURPOSE RF DETECTOR
    27. TONE PROBE (FOR TESTING DIGITAL ICs)
    28. RF PROBE II
  23. Chapter 17: Resistance and Continuity-Measuring Circuits
    1. SIMPLE RATIOMETRIC RESISTANCE MEASURER
    2. AUDIO CONTINUITY TESTER
    3. LINEAR-SCALE OHMMETER I
    4. BRIDGE CIRCUIT
    5. LINEAR-SCALE OHMMETER II
    6. OHMMETER
    7. CABLE TESTER
    8. ADJUSTABLE, AUDIBLE CONTINUITY TESTER FOR DELICATE CIRCUITS
    9. CONTINUITY TESTER
    10. LINEAR OHMMETER
    11. LOW-RESISTANCE CONTINUITY TESTER
    12. “BUZZ-BOX” CONTINUITY AND COIL CHECKER
    13. SIMPLE CONTINUITY TESTER FOR PCBs
    14. SIMPLE CONTINUITY TESTER
    15. SINGLE-CHIP RESISTANCE CHECKER
  24. Chapter 18: Signal-Injector Circuits
    1. SIGNAL INJECTOR I
    2. SIGNAL INJECTOR II
  25. Chapter 19: Tachometer Circuits
    1. LOW-FREQUENCY TACHOMETER
    2. TACHOMETER
    3. CALIBRATED TACHOMETER
  26. Chapter 20: Temperature Measuring Circuits
    1. DIGITAL TEMPERATURE-MEASURING CIRCUIT
    2. BASIC DIGITAL THERMOMETER (KELVIN SCALE)
    3. BASIC DIGITAL THERMOMETER (KELVIN SCALE WITH ZERO ADJUST)
    4. THERMOCOUPLE AMPLIFIER
    5. REMOTE TEMPERATURE SENSOR
    6. OPTICAL PYROMETER
    7. SIMPLE DIFFERENTIAL TEMPERATURE SENSOR
    8. VARIABLE-OFFSET THERMOMETER
    9. DIFFERENTIAL THERMOMETER
    10. ISOLATED TEMPERATURE SENSOR
    11. DIGITAL THERMOMETER
    12. TEMPERATURE METER
    13. 0 to 63°C TEMPERATURE SENSOR
    14. ISOLATED TEMPERATURE SENSOR
    15. DUAL-OUTPUT OVER-UNDER TEMPERATURE MONITOR
    16. THERMOCOUPLE AMPLIFIER WITH COLD-JUNCTION COMPENSATION
    17. CENTIGRADE-CALIBRATED THERMOCOUPLE THERMOMETER
    18. μP-CONTROLLED DIGITAL THERMOMETER
    19. IC TEMPERATURE SENSOR
    20. PRECISION TEMPERATURE TRANSDUCER WITH REMOTE SENSOR
    21. 5-V POWERED, LINEARIZED PLATINUM RTD SIGNAL CONDITIONER
    22. HIGH/LOW TEMPERATURE SENSOR
    23. CURVATURE-CORRECTED PLATINUM RTD THERMOMETER
    24. THERMOCOUPLE MULTIPLEX SYSTEM
    25. TEMPERATURE SENSOR AND DVM INTERFACE
    26. IMPLANTABLE, INGESTIBLE ELECTRONIC THERMOMETER
    27. TEMPERATURE-MEASURING ADD-ON FOR A DMM
    28. FOUR-CHANNEL TEMPERATURE SENSOR (0 TO 50°C)
    29. TEMPERATURE SENSOR
    30. BASIC DIGITAL THERMOMETER (CELSIUS AND FAHRENHEIT)
    31. FAHRENHEIT THERMOMETER
    32. DIFFERENTIAL THERMOMETER
    33. TEMPERATURE-REPORTING DIGITAL THERMOMETER
    34. ELECTRONIC THERMOMETER
    35. GROUND-REFERRED CENTIGRADE THERMOMETER I
    36. TEMPERATURE SENSOR
    37. GROUND-REFERRED CENTIGRADE THERMOMETER II
    38. POSITIVE TEMPERATURE SENSOR COEFFICIENT RESISTOR
    39. DIFFERENTIAL TEMPERATURE SENSOR
    40. CENTIGRADE THERMOMETER
    41. METER THERMOMETER WITH TRIMMED OUTPUT
    42. KELVIN THERMOMETER WITH GROUND-REFERRED OUTPUT
    43. LOWER POWER THERMOMETER
    44. 0 TO 50°F THERMOMETER
    45. SIMPLE LINEAR THERMOMETER
    46. THERMOMETER ADAPTER
    47. 0 TO 100°C THERMOMETER
    48. GROUND-REFERRED FAHRENHEIT THERMOMETER
  27. Chapter 21: Voltage-Indicator/Monitor Circuits
    1. VOLTAGE-LEVEL INDICATOR
    2. 4½-DIGIT DVM
    3. FULL-SCALE FOUR-DECADE 3½-DIGIT DVM
    4. OVER/UNDER VOLTAGE MONITOR
    5. HIGH-INPUT RESISTANCE dc VOLTMETER
    6. dc VOLTMETER
    7. VOLTAGE FREEZER
    8. MULTIPLEXED COMMON-CATHODE LED-DISPLAY ADC
    9. ac VOLTMETER
    10. FET VOLTMETER I
    11. SENSITIVE RF VOLTMETER
    12. VOLTAGE MONITOR
    13. AUDIO MILLIVOLTMETER I
    14. AUDIO MILLIVOLTMETER II
    15. LOW-VOLTAGE INDICATOR
    16. FET VOLTMETER II
    17. SIMPLIFIED VOLTAGE-LEVEL SENSOR
    18. PEAK PROGRAM DETECTOR
    19. WIDE-RANGE ac VOLTMETER
    20. VISABLE VOLTAGE INDICATOR
    21. BIPOLAR REFERENCE SOURCE
    22. EXPANDED-SCALE ANALOG METER
  28. Sources
  29. Index

Product information

  • Title: Measuring Circuits
  • Author(s): Rudolf F. Graf
  • Release date: December 1996
  • Publisher(s): Newnes
  • ISBN: 9780080511344