Chapter 4
Conservation of Momentum
4.1 GALILEAN TRANSFORMATION
Before proceeding further it will be useful to have some idea about how the displacement r, velocity v and acceleration a of a moving particle “transform” from one IF to another.
In Fig. 4.1 we have depicted two frames of reference. The first one, marked S, is the original inertial frame, as conceived by Newton. It is a non-rotating set of XYZ axes spreading to infinity from the centre O of the sun. The second one, marked S΄ is also a non-rotating frame of reference whose origin O΄ is moving in the X direction with a constant velocity u in such a way that the X′, Y′ Z′ axes are parallel to the respective axes of S, and the X΄ axis coincides with the X′axis always. The origins O and ...
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