Memory and Action Selection in Human-Machine Interaction

Memory and Action Selection in Human-Machine Interaction

by Munéo Kitajima
Released February 2016
Publisher(s): Wiley-ISTE
ISBN: 9781848219274

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Book description

The first goal of this book is to extend Two Minds originating from behavioral economics to the domain of interaction, where the time dimension has to be dealt with rigorously; in human–machine interaction, it is of crucial importance how synchronization between conscious processes and unconscious processes is established for a sense of smoothness, and how memory processes and action selection processes are coordinated. The first half this book describes the theory in detail. The book begins by outlining the whole view of the theory consisting of action selection processes and memorization processes, and their interactions. Then, a detailed description for action selection processes theorized as a nonlinear dynamic human behavior model with real-time constraints is provided, followed by a description for memorization processes. Also, implications of the theory to human–machine interactions are discussed.

The second goal of this book is to provide a methodology to study how Two Minds works in practice when people use interactive systems. The latter half of this book describes theory practices in detail. A new methodology called Cognitive Chrono-Ethnography (CCE) is introduced, which adds the time dimension to Hutchins’ Cognitive Ethnography, in order to practice "know the users" systematically by designing user studies based on a simulation of users’ mental operations controlled by Two Minds. The author then shows how CCE has been applied to understanding the ways in which people navigate in real physical environments by walking and by car, respectively, and explores the possibility of applying CCE to predict people’s future needs. This is not for understanding how people use interfaces at present but to predict how people want to use the interfaces in the future given they are currently using them in a certain way

Finally, the book concludes by describing implications of human–machine interactions that are carried out while using modern artefacts for people's cognitive development from birth, on the basis of the theories of action selection and memorization.

Table of contents

  1. Cover
  2. Title
  3. Copyright
  4. Introduction
  5. PART 1: Theoretical Foundation for Dealing with Action Selection and Memorization
    1. 1 A Unified Theory of Action Selection and Memory
      1. 1.1. Organic self-consistent field theory
      2. 1.2. Development of brain architecture model under the NDHBmodel/RT
    2. 2 NDHB-Model/RT: Nonlinear Dynamic Human Behavior Model with Realtime Constraints
      1. 2.1. Maximum satisfaction architecture
      2. 2.2. Brain information hydrodynamics
      3. 2.3. Structured meme theory
      4. 2.4. NDHB-model/RT
      5. 2.5. MHP/RT: Model human processor with real-time constraints
      6. 2.6. Two Minds and emotions
    3. 3 Layered-structure of Memory and its Development
      1. 3.1. MHP/RT modules and their associated memories
      2. 3.2. Hierarchical structure of human action selection
      3. 3.3. Emotion initiation via memory processes
    4. 4 Implication for Human–Machine Interaction: Autonomous System Interaction Design (ASID) based on NDHB-Model/RT
      1. 4.1. Users modeled by MHP/RT with MD memory frames
      2. 4.2. Autonomous systems versus linear systems
      3. 4.3. Needs that a society of information systems must meet
      4. 4.4. Outline of ASI
      5. 4.5. Conclusions
  6. PART 2: Theoretically Motivated Methodology for Understanding Users
    1. 5 Cognitive Chrono-ethnography
      1. 5.1. Understanding people’s behavior in real life
      2. 5.2. Cognitive chrono-ethnography
    2. 6 A CCE Study: Slow Self-paced Navigation
      1. 6.1. Introduction: navigation in a train station by following signs
      2. 6.2. Steps 1 and 2 of CCE
      3. 6.3. Step 3 of CCE: monitor recruiting
      4. 6.4. Steps 4 and 5 of CCE: monitor behavior observation and individual model construction
      5. 6.5. Step 6 of CCE: socioecological model construction
      6. 6.6. Discussion
      7. 6.7. Conclusions
    3. 7 Fast Externally-paced Navigation
      1. 7.1. Introduction
      2. 7.2. Steps 1 and 2 of CCE
      3. 7.3. Step 3 of CCE: monitor recruiting
      4. 7.4. Steps 4 and 5 of CCE: monitor behavior observation and individual model construction
      5. 7.5. Conclusions
    4. 8 Designing for Future Needs
      1. 8.1. Introduction
      2. 8.2. Making inaccessible future needs accessible: t-translation invariant principle
      3. 8.3. A case study of CCE: why do fans repeat visits to the ballpark?
      4. 8.4. Discussion
      5. 8.5. Conclusions
  7. Conclusion: Technique versus Skill Viewed from MHP/RT’s Four-Processes
  8. Bibliography
  9. Index
  10. End User License Agreement

Product information

  • Title: Memory and Action Selection in Human-Machine Interaction
  • Author(s): Munéo Kitajima
  • Release date: February 2016
  • Publisher(s): Wiley-ISTE
  • ISBN: 9781848219274