A gas sensor can be defined as a device that identifies and confers the information about the surrounding gas atmosphere, which comprises many types of hazardous and toxic gases. The device mainly consists of a sensing layer on top of the substrate and a signal-conditioning unit. There has been extensive research on gas sensors during the last few years, particularly based on either the surface characteristics or the bulk electrolytic properties of ceramics [1–3]. Nanocrystalline metal oxide–based solid-state sensors [4–7] were found to be promising among the sensor family, as they detect a wide variety of gases like O2, H2, CO and NO2 and different volatile organic compounds [8–11] like propane, ...
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