11
Future directions
In this final chapter, we consider the future of Mendelian randomization within the wider context of epidemiological research. We discuss developments in data availability and methodological practice. These both enable more sophisticated Mendelian randomization analyses and widen the scope for further applications.
11.1 GWAS: large numbers of genetic variants
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have driven the rise of Mendelian randomization, by identifying genetic variants that can be used as instrumental variables. They also provide datasets to estimate genetic associations with exposures and outcomes that enable efficient two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses. As the scale and scope of GWAS increase, ...
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