Meta-Heuristic Algorithms for Advanced Distributed Systems

7Security and Privacy Issues in Distributed Healthcare Systems – A Survey

Manish Bhardwaj¹, Jaideep Kumar², Samad Noeiaghdam³, and Yu-Chen Hu⁴

¹Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, KIET Group of Institutions, Delhi-NCR, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

²Department of Computer Science and Engineering (IoT), RKGIT, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

³Industrial Mathematics Laboratory, Baikal School of BRICS, Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia

⁴Department of Computer Science and Information Management, Providence University, Taichung City, Taiwan R.O.C.

7.1 Introduction

It is clear that businesses want to reduce their reliance on a centralized data center without sacrificing the efficiency of their regionally dispersed database, application, and user infrastructure [1]. Today’s web-based systems and apps (also known as WEBAPPS) have highly developed computer tools that can not only do basic tasks alone but can also communicate with and access data from other systems.

In today’s rapidly evolving world, wireless Internet access in rural and outlying areas is an absolute necessity [2]. It is web access via wireless mobile device. According to a survey, an Internet-based or electronic health system is not readily available in India’s rural areas. The evidence suggests that wireless technology is not being widely adopted in these regions.

Even though Primary Health Centres (PHCs) are located all across the region, current methods of communication ...