Microsystems for Bioelectronics

LIST OF SYMBOLS

Symbol Meaning

a Acceleration

A Surface area

a

s

Specific surface area

b Constant

c

m

Gravimetric specific capacitance

c

s

Specific capacitance

C Capacitance

C

f

Faradic capacitance

d Thickness

e Electron charge, e ¼ 1.6  10

–19

C

E Energy

E

g

Semiconductor bandgap

f Frequency

I Current

k Constant

k

B

Boltzmann constant, k

B

¼ 1.38  10

–23

J/K

K Dielectric constant

l Length

l

a-a

Nearest-neighbor distance between atoms

L Stopping range

m Mass

M Molar mass

n, n

at

,n

3D

Atomic density

n

1D

Number of atoms per unit of length

n

s

,n

2D

Surface concentration of atoms

n

m

Number of atoms per unit mass

N

A

Avogadro’s Number, N

A

¼ 6.022  10

23

mol

–1

N

at

, N(t), N

0

Number of atoms

N

el

Number of electrons

N

SW

Number of switching events

p Heat transfer rate per atom

P Power

q Electric charge

Q Heat flux

r Radius

R Resistance

S Size

(Continued)

List of symbols 45