book

Mobile Cloud Computing

by Debashis De

January 2016

Intermediate to advanced

377 pages

11h 40m

English

Chapman and Hall/CRC

Read now

Unlock full access

1.1 Introduction to Mobile Computing1.2 Architecture of Mobile Network1.2.1 Architecture of Cellular Network1.2.2 Architecture of Mobile Ad Hoc Network1.2.3 Architecture of Mobile Wireless Sensor Network1.3 Generations of Mobile Communication1.3.1 1G Mobile Communication1.3.2 2G Mobile Communication1.3.3 2.5G Mobile Communication1.3.4 3G Mobile Communication1.3.5 4G Mobile Communication1.3.6 5G Mobile Communication1.3.7 Comparison of the Generations of Mobile Communication1.4 Mobile Operating Systems1.4.1 Windows CE Operating System1.4.2 Mac OS X1.4.3 Symbian OS1.4.4 Android OS1.4.5 Blackberry 101.5 Applications of Mobile Communication1.5.1 Smartphones1.5.2 Digital Music Players1.5.3 Bluetooth and Wi-Fi1.5.4 GPS1.5.5 Smart Systems1.5.5.1 Smartcards1.5.5.2 Smart Labels1.5.5.3 Smart Tokens1.5.5.4 Sensors1.5.5.5 Actuators1.6 Challenges of Mobile Communication1.6.1 Wireless Communication1.6.1.1 Disconnection1.6.1.2 Low Bandwidth1.6.1.3 Network Optimization for Confined Areas with High User Concentration1.6.1.4 Variable Network Conditions1.6.1.5 Security Issues1.6.2 Mobility1.6.2.1 Changing Network Address1.6.2.2 Locality Migration1.6.2.3 Location Management1.6.2.4 Mobile Network Traffic Forecasting1.6.2.5 Mobile Call Admission Control and Handover Management1.6.3 Resource Limitation1.6.3.1 Data Storage1.6.3.2 Power Consumption1.6.4 Mobile Channel Model1.6.5 Disaster Management1.6.6 Mobile Data Mining1.6.7 Quality of Service1.7 ConclusionQuestionsReferences
2.1 Introduction2.2 Evolution of Cloud Computing2.3 Cloud Computing: What Is It Actually?2.3.1 Virtualization as a Component of Cloud Computing2.3.1.1 Characteristics of Virtualized Environments2.3.1.2 Taxonomy of Virtualization Techniques2.3.1.3 Virtualization and Cloud Computing2.4 Characteristics of Cloud Computing2.5 Related Technologies2.6 Cloud Computing Architecture2.6.1 Cloud Computing Service Models2.6.1.1 Software as a Service 2.6.1.2 Platform as a Service2.6.1.3 Infrastructure as a Service2.7 Cloud Computing Deployment Models2.7.1 Public Cloud2.7.2 Private Cloud2.7.3 Hybrid Cloud2.7.4 Public Cloud versus Private Cloud2.8 Issues of Cloud Computing2.8.1 Scheduling2.9 Security and Trust2.9.1 Types of Trust2.9.1.1 Direct Trust2.9.1.2 Indirect Trust2.9.1.3 Hybrid Trust2.10 Energy Efficiency2.10.1 Reduction in Direct Energy2.10.2 Reduction in Energy for Cooling Server2.10.3 Increase in Energy Consumption for Increase in Network Traffic2.11 Interactivity, Real-Time Streaming2.12 Data Management2.12.1 Data Storage and Access on Cloud2.12.2 Data Portability and Interoperability2.13 Quality of Service2.14 Resource Utilization2.15 Applications of Cloud Computing2.15.1 Mobile Cloud Computing2.15.2 Healthcare2.15.3 Cloud Gaming2.15.4 Storage2.16 ConclusionQuestionsReferences
3.1 Introduction3.2 Motivation to Mobile Cloud Computing3.3 Architecture of Mobile Cloud Computing3.3.1 Service-Oriented Architecture3.3.2 Agent–Client Architecture3.3.3 Collaborative Architecture3.4 Platform and Technologies3.4.1 Platform of MCC3.4.2 Enabling Technologies of MCC3.5 Mobile Augmentation Approaches3.5.1 Hardware Approaches3.5.2 Software Approaches3.6 Issues of Mobile Cloud Computing3.6.1 Operational Issues3.6.1.1 Offloading Methods3.6.1.2 Cost–Benefit analysis3.6.1.3 Mobility Management3.6.1.4 Connection Protocol3.6.2 End-User Issues3.6.2.1 Incentive Scheme3.6.2.2 Presentation and Usability3.6.3 Service-Level and Application-Level Issues3.6.3.1 Fault Tolerance3.6.3.2 Supporting Performance at Service Level3.6.3.3 Cloud APIs3.6.4 Security and Privacy3.6.4.1 General Cloud Security3.6.4.2 Security for Mobile User3.6.4.3 Privacy3.6.5 Context Awareness3.6.5.1 Context-Aware Service Provisioning3.6.5.2 Risk Assessment Using Context Awareness3.6.5.3 Resource and Common Goal Identification Using Context Awareness3.6.5.4 Energy Awareness3.6.6 Mobile Data Management3.6.6.1 Personal Data Storage on Mobile Cloud3.6.6.2 Data Access3.6.6.3 Data Portability and Interoperability3.6.6.4 Embedded Mobile Databases3.7 Advantages of Mobile Cloud Computing3.8 Applications of Mobile Cloud computing3.8.1 Mobile Commerce3.8.2 Mobile Learning3.8.3 Mobile Gaming3.8.4 Mobile Health Monitoring3.9 Research Challenges in Mobile Cloud Computing3.9.1 Connectivity between Mobile Device and Cloud3.9.2 Cloudlet Deployment in MCC3.9.3 Centralization in Collaborative Model of MCC3.9.4 Security in MCC3.9.5 Incentives in MCC3.9.6 Energy Efficiency in MCC3.9.7 Business Model of MCC3.9.8 Data Traffic Management3.10 ConclusionQuestionsReferences
4.1 Introduction4.2 Offloading Decision4.2.1 Improving Performance4.2.2 Saving Energy4.3 Types of Offloading4.3.1 Depending on Material Being Offloaded4.3.2 Depending on Approaches to Time Reduction4.3.2.1 Fine-Grained Offloading or Partial Offloading4.3.2.2 Coarse-Grained Offloading or Full Offloading4.4 Topologies of Offloading4.6 Adaptive Computation Offloading from Mobile Devices4.6.1 Mobile Augmentation Cloud Services4.6.2 Adaptive Computation Offloading4.7 Cloud Path Selection for Offloading4.7.1 Cloud Path Selection Methods4.7.2 Cloud Path Selection Issues4.8 Mobile Data Offloading Using Opportunistic Communication4.8.1 System Model4.8.2 Target-Set Selection4.8.3 Greedy, Heuristic, and Random Algorithms4.9 Three-Tier Architecture of Mobile Cloud Computing4.10 Requirements of Data Offloading4.11 Performance Analysis of Offloading Techniques4.11.1 Analysis of Energy Consumption in Offloading for Different Data Amounts4.11.2 Analysis of Energy Consumption in Offloading for Different Connectivity4.12 Multi-Cloud Offloading in Mobile Cloud Computing Environment4.12.1 Performance Analysis of Multi-Cloud Offloading Schemes4.13 ConclusionQuestionsReferences
5.1 Introduction5.2 Green Mobile Computing5.2.1 Green Data Center5.2.2 Green Macrocell Base Station5.2.3 Green Femtocell Base Station5.2.4 Green Mobile Device5.2.5 Green Mobile Application and Services5.3 Green Mobile Network5.3.1 Congestion Control for Energy-Efficient Mobile Network5.3.2 Energy Efficiency of Femtocell, Microcell, and Picocell Network over Macrocell-Based Mobile Network5.4 Green Cloud Computing5.4.1 Green Cloud Servers5.4.2 Green Cloud Data Center5.4.3 Green Cloud Hardware5.4.4 Green Cloud Software5.4.5 Green Wired or Wireless Network5.5 Green Mobile Cloud Computing5.5.1 Energy Saving in Mobile Cloud Infrastructures5.5.2 Issues and Requirements for Green MCC5.6 Green Mobile Devices Using Mobile Cloud Computing5.6.1 Computation Offloading5.6.2 Resource Management5.7 Green Femtocell Using Mobile Cloud Computing5.8 Green Seamless Service Provisioning with Mobile Cloud Computing5.8.1 Architecture of a Mobile Ad Hoc Cloud5.8.2 Functioning of Mobile Ad Hoc Cloud5.8.2.1 Module 1: Service Discovery5.8.2.2 Module 2: Seamless Services5.8.2.3 Module 3: Offloading Decisions5.8.3 Issues and Challenges of Mobile Ad Hoc Cloud5.9 Green Location Sensing within Mobile Cloud Computing Environment5.10 ConclusionQuestionsReferences
6.1 Introduction6.2 Significance of Resource Allocation in Mobile Cloud Computing6.3 Resource-Allocation Strategies in Mobile Cloud Computing6.3.1 Semi-Markov Decision Process (SMDP)-Based Resource Allocation in MCC6.3.1.1 System Model of Cloud6.3.1.2 System States of Cloud6.3.1.3 Actions of Cloud6.3.1.4 Dropping Probability6.3.1.5 Comparison of SMDP with Greedy Approach6.3.2 Task Scheduling Using Activity-Based Costing Algorithm6.3.2.1 Activity-Based Costing Algorithm6.3.2.2 Performance of ABC Algorithm6.3.3 Resource Allocation Using Middleware6.3.3.1 Architecture of Middleware6.3.3.2 Resource-Allocation Strategies6.3.4 Energy-Aware Resource Allocation6.3.4.1 Green Cloud Architecture6.3.4.2 Energy-Aware Data Center Resource Allocation6.3.5 Resource Allocation in MCC Using Entropy-Based FIFO Method6.3.6 Auction Mechanism for Resource Allocation in MCC6.4 Research Challenges in Resource Allocation in Mobile Cloud Computing6.4.1 Energy-Aware Memory Management6.4.2 Maintaining Strict Service-Level Agreements (SLAs)6.4.3 Merging of Different Resource-Allocation Strategies6.5 ConclusionQuestionsReferences

7.1 Introduction7.2 Wireless Sensor Network7.2.1 Different Deployment Technologies of WSN7.2.2 Architecture of WSN7.3 Sensor Cloud7.3.1 Architecture of Sensor Cloud7.3.2 Benefits of Sensor Cloud7.3.3 Extension of Sensor Cloud with Mobile7.4 Sensor Mobile Cloud Computing7.4.1 Architecture of Sensor Mobile Cloud Computing7.4.2 Service Life Cycle Model of Sensor Mobile Cloud Computing7.4.3 System Architecture for a Rescue Service Model7.4.3.1 Performance Analysis of Rescue Service Model7.5 Internet of Things7.6 Urban Sensing7.6.1 Opportunistic Sensing7.6.2 Participatory Sensing7.7 Application7.7.1 A Complete Architecture of Health Service Model7.8 Challenges of Sensor Mobile Cloud Computing7.9 ConclusionQuestionsReferences
8.1 Introduction8.2 Mobile Social Cloud Architecture8.3 Resource Sharing in Mobile Social Cloud8.3.1 Motivation for Contribution of Resources8.3.2 Social Capital8.3.3 Virtualized Resources8.3.4 Banking8.3.5 Registration8.3.6 Social Market8.4 Warehousing and Analyzing Social Data Using Cloud8.4.1 Architecture of Analysis and Warehousing of Social Network Data8.4.2 Case Study on Tweet Data Analysis8.4.2.1 Tweet Mapping8.4.2.2 Mood Probabilities8.5 Social Compute Cloud: Sharing and Allocating Resources8.5.1 Architecture of Social Compute Cloud8.6 3D Visualization of Social Network Data8.6.1 Visualization of Social Network Data8.6.2 OLAP Data Analysis and Cube Generation8.6.3 MVC-Based Model for Visualization8.7 Security in Mobile Social Cloud8.7.1 Security in Social Network8.7.1.1 Purpose of Attackers8.7.1.2 Method of Attacks8.7.2 Resource Allocation for Security Services8.8 Trust in Mobile Social Cloud8.8.1 Trust Inference in Social Networks8.8.2 Trust Contextualizing in Social Clouds8.8.3 Social Cloud Exchange Structure8.8.3.1 Prior Expectation8.8.3.2 Social Interchange8.8.3.3 Completion8.9 Applications of Mobile Social Cloud8.9.1 Cloud-Assisted Adaptive Video Streaming8.9.2 Personal Emergency Preparedness Plan8.9.2.1 System Architecture8.9.3 Massively Multiplayer Online Games8.9.3.1 Challenges in CAMEO Architecture8.9.4 Geosmart: Social Media Education8.9.4.1 Entities of Geosmart8.9.4.2 Architecture of Geosmart8.10 ConclusionQuestionsReferences
9.1 Introduction9.2.1 Level 1: Security Issues in Mobile Devices9.2.1.1 Approaches to Mitigate Security Issues Related to Mobile Devices9.2.2 Level 2: Security Issues in Communication Channels9.2.2.1 Approaches to Mitigate Security Issues Related to Communication Channel9.2.3 Level 3: Security Issues in Cloud Computing9.2.3.1 Approaches to Mitigate Security Issues in Cloud Infrastructure9.3 Security Issues in Mobile Cloud Environment9.3.1 Application Security9.3.1.1 Existing Schemes for Application Security9.3.2 Authentication Issues9.3.2.1 Existing Authentication Schemes9.3.3 Data Security9.3.3.1 Existing Schemes for Data Security9.3.4 Digital Rights Management9.3.4.1 Existing DRM Scheme9.3.5 Intrusion Detection9.3.5.1 Drawbacks of Intrusion Detection9.3.5.2 Existing Schemes for Intrusion Detection9.4 ConclusionQuestionsReferences
10.1 Introduction10.2 Trust Properties10.3 Components of Trust10.3.1 Security10.3.2 Privacy10.3.3 Auditability10.3.4 Accountability10.4 Types of Trust10.4.1 Direct Trust10.4.2 Indirect Trust10.4.3 Hybrid Trust10.5 Trust Issues10.5.1 Weak Chain of Trust10.5.2 Lack of Control and Visibility10.6 Ways of Trust Establishment10.6.1 Service-Level Agreement10.6.2 Audit10.6.3 Measuring and Rating10.6.4 Self-Assessment Questionnaire10.6.5 Trust and Reputation Model10.6.5.1 QoS+ Parameters for Trust and Reputation Models10.6.5.2 Promising Trust and Reputation Models10.7 Trust Evaluation10.7.1 Black Box Approach10.7.2 Inside-Out Approach10.7.3 Outside-In Approach10.8 Detailed Study of Various Aspects of Trust in MCC10.8.1 User Behavior Trust10.8.1.1 Evaluation Principles of User Behavior Trust10.8.1.2 Decomposition of User Behavior Trust10.8.1.3 Acquirement of Behavior Trust Evidence10.8.1.4 User Behavior Trust Evaluation Methods10.8.2 Trustworthy Mobile Sensing Framework10.8.3 Mobile Agent-Based Trustworthy Infrastructure for MCC10.8.4 Building Trustworthy Social Network Based on Call Behavior10.8.5 Trust-Based Mobile Commerce10.8.5.1 Automated Trust Negotiation10.8.5.2 Proxy Certificate10.8.5.3 CBTN Protocol for Trust-Based Mobile Commerce10.9 ConclusionQuestionsReferences
11.1 Introduction11.2 Vehicular Ad Hoc Network11.2.1 Working Principles of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks11.3.1 VMCC Architecture11.3.2 Performance Analysis of VMCC11.4 Privacy and Security in Vehicular Mobile Cloud Computing 11.4.1 Security and Privacy Attacks in VMCC11.4.1.1 Possible Forms of Attacks11.4.1.2 Threats in VMCC11.4.1.3 Authentication of Mobility Nodes11.4.2 Solution to Secure VMCC11.5 Limitations of Vehicular Mobile Cloud Computing 11.5.1 Mobility in VMCC11.5.2 Volatility in VMCC11.5.3 Privacy11.5.4 Liability11.5.5 Scalability11.6 Challenges in Vehicular Mobile Cloud Computing11.7 Applications11.7.1 Safety Applications11.7.2 User Applications11.8 ConclusionQuestionsReferences
12.1 Introduction12.2 Cloud Business Models12.2.1 Cloud Computing Architecture12.2.2 Current Offerings of Cloud Computing12.2.3 Pricing Strategies of Cloud12.2.4 Method of Dynamically Pricing Resources12.2.4.1 Dynamic Pricing Scheme12.2.4.2 User Welfare in Cloud Computing12.2.5 Cooperation among Cloud Service Providers12.2.5.1 Brokering Mechanism in Mobile Cloud Business Model12.2.5.2 Broker as a Service12.2.5.3 Resource Estimation and Pricing Model12.2.5.4 Pricing and Billing12.2.5.5 System Model and Assumption12.2.5.6 Resource and Revenue Sharing among Cloud Providers12.3 Business Model of Mobile Computing Environment12.4 Cooperation among Service Providers12.4.1 Model of Mobile Cloud Computing12.4.2 Model of Resource Pool12.5 Weblet-Based Mobile Cloud Computing Model12.6 Mobile Cloud Service Insurance Brokerage12.7 Business Aspects of Social Mobile Cloud Computing12.7.1 Impact on Global Business12.7.2 Individual Roles of Components of SMAC12.8 ConclusionReferences
13.1 Introduction13.2 Cloud Mobile Media Application13.2.1 Architecture13.3 Biometric Application13.3.1 Face Recognition13.3.2 Fingerprint Recognition13.4 Vehicle Monitoring13.4.1 Mobile Vehicular Cloud13.4.1.1 Route Tracking13.4.1.2 Traffic Management13.5 Pervasive Forensic Analysis13.5.1 Pervasive and Collaborative Analysis13.5.2 Forensic Cloud13.5.2.1 Framework Design13.6 Mobile Learning13.6.1 Mobile Learning Procedure13.6.1.1 Cloud Model13.6.1.2 Client Model13.7 Remote Display13.8 Context-Aware Navigation System13.9 Cloud Computing Support for Enhanced Health Applications13.9.1 Femtocell-Based Health Monitoring Using MCC13.10 Sensing as a Service13.11 Secure Web Referral Services for Mobile Cloud Computing13.12 Mobile Multimedia Storage13.13 Application of Mobile Cloud Computing in Defense Sector13.14 Application in Social Cloud13.15 ConclusionQuestionsReferences
14.1 Introduction14.2 Efficient Bandwidth Allocation14.2.1 Use of 5G Network14.2.2 Mobile Cloud Computing Architecture with 5G Network14.2.3 Mobile Cloud Computing Architecture with Femtocell Base Station14.2.4 Efficient Spectrum Utilization Using Cognitive Radio14.2.4.1 Mobile Cloud Computing with Cognitive Radio Technology14.3 Use of Cloudlet in Mobile Cloud Computing14.4 Cross-Cloud Communication14.4.1 Mobile Sky Computing14.5 Standard Interface in Mobile Cloud Computing14.6 Cloud Resource Access Mechanism14.7 Elastic Application Model14.8 Security and Privacy in Mobile Cloud Computing14.8.1 Secured Mobile Cloud Computing14.9 Enterprise Mobile Cloud14.9.1 Identity Security14.9.2 Disaster Recovery14.9.3 Pricing in Mobile Cloud Computing14.9.4 Service Execution and Delivery14.10 Reducing Energy Consumption of Offloading14.10.1 Femtocell-Based Offloading Strategy for Mobile Cloud Computing14.10.2 Cloud Path Selection for Offloading Data Storage and Application Execution14.10.3 Offloading Strategy for Mobile Devices14.10.4 Offloading Overhead in Mobile Cloud Computing14.11 Improving Quality of Service with Cloudlets14.11.1 Load Balancing among Cloudlets14.11.2 Load Sharing among Cloudlets14.11.3 Provisioning of Seamless Mobile Cloud Services14.12 Reduction in Cloud Data Center Energy Consumption14.13 Resource Management14.14 Application Migration Schemes for Data Center Servers14.15 ConclusionQuestionsReferences

Content preview from Mobile Cloud Computing

Chapter 1

Mobile Computing

Abstract Mobile computing is computation within a mobile device. This chapter traces the evolution, architecture, and different generations of the mobile network. Different operating systems used in mobile devices are discussed. Various applications of mobile computing are described, along with several challenges in this area.

Key Words: mobile computing, Mobile network, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, mobility.

1.1 Introduction to Mobile Computing

Mobile communication is the process of executing computations on a mobile device and transmission of data to and from one or more devices [1]. It is the technique of getting connected and ...