Modern Engineering Thermodynamics

Chapter 9

Second Law Open System Applications

Contents

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Mass Flow Transport of Entropy

9.3 Mass Flow Production of Entropy

9.4 Open System Entropy Balance Equations

9.5 Nozzles, Diffusers, and Throttles

9.6 Heat Exchangers

9.7 Mixing

9.8 Shaft Work Machines

9.9 Unsteady State Processes in Open Systems

Summary

Final Comments on the Second Law

9.1 Introduction

This chapter is an extension of Chapter 6, except here we use both the first and second laws of thermodynamics to analyze open systems. As in Chapter 8, we have two types of system processes to consider, reversible and irreversible. A reversible process is easier to analyze, because its entropy production is always equal to zero. However, reversible process models are ...