Essentials of Information
As mentioned in the previous sections, controlling is the process of making things happen as planned. Of course, managers cannot make things happen as planned if they lack information on the manner in which various events in the organization occur. The remainder of this chapter discusses the fundamental principles of handling information in an organization by first presenting the essentials of information and then examining both information technology and information systems (IS).
The process of developing information begins with gathering some type of facts or statistics, called data. Once gathered, data typically are analyzed. In general terms, information refers to details about a project or the set of conclusions ...
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