5.1. Defining the Header and Root Elements
The deployment descriptor, like all XML files, must begin with an XML header. This header declares the version of XML that is in effect and gives the character encoding for the file.
A DOCTYPE declaration must appear immediately after the header. This declaration tells the server the version of the servlet specification (e.g., 2.2 or 2.3) that applies and specifies the Document Type Definition (DTD) that governs the syntax of the rest of the file.
The top- level (root) element for all deployment descriptors is web-app. Remember that XML elements, unlike HTML elements, are case sensitive. Consequently, Web-App and WEB-APP are not legal; you must use web-app in lower case.
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