Multifunctional and Nanoreinforced Polymers for Food Packaging

Multifunctional and Nanoreinforced Polymers for Food Packaging

by J Lagarón
Released May 2011
Publisher(s): Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 9780857092786

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Book description

Recent developments in multifunctional and nanoreinforced polymers have provided the opportunity to produce high barrier, active and intelligent food packaging which can help ensure, or even enhance, the quality and safety of packaged foods. Multifunctional and nanoreinforced polymers for food packaging provides a comprehensive review of novel polymers and polymer nanocomposites for use in food packaging.

After an introductory chapter, Part one discusses nanofillers for plastics in food packaging. Chapters explore the use of passive and active nanoclays and hidrotalcites, cellulose nanofillers and electrospun nanofibers and nanocapsules. Part two investigates high barrier plastics for food packaging. Chapters assess the transport and high barrier properties of food packaging polymers such as ethylene-norbornene copolymers and advanced single-site polyolefins, nylon-MXD6 resins and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers before going on to explore recent advances in various plastic packaging technologies such as modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), nanoscale inorganic coatings and functional barriers against migration. Part three reviews active and bioactive plastics in food packaging. Chapters investigate silver-based antimicrobial polymers, the incorporation of antimicrobial/antioxidant natural extracts into polymeric films, and biaoctive food packaging strategies. Part four examines nanotechnology in sustainable plastics with chapters examining the food packaging applications of polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), starch-based polymers, chitosan and carragenan polysaccharides and protein-based resins for packaging gluten (WG)-based materials. The final chapter presents the safety and regulatory aspects of plastics as food packaging materials.

With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors Multifunctional and nanoreinforced polymers for food packaging proves a valuable resource for researchers in packaging in the food industry and polymer scientists interested in multifunctional and nanoreinforced materials.

  • Provides a comprehensive review of novel polymers and polymer nanocomposites for use in food packaging
  • Discusses nanofillers for plastics in food packaging including the use of passive and active nanoclays and hidrotalcites and electrospun nanofibers
  • Investigates high barrier plastics for food packaging assessing recent advances in various plastic packaging technologies such as modified atmosphere packaging (MAP)

Table of contents

  1. Cover image
  2. Title page
  3. Table of Contents
  4. Copyright
  5. Contributor contact details
  6. Preface
  7. Chapter 1: Multifunctional and nanoreinforced polymers for food packaging
    1. Abstract:
    2. 1.1 Introduction
    3. 1.2 Structural factors governing barrier properties
    4. 1.3 Novel polymers and blends
    5. 1.4 Nanocomposites
    6. 1.5 Future trends
    7. 1.7 Appendix: Abbreviations
  8. Part I: Nanofillers for plastics in food packaging
    1. Chapter 2: Multifunctional nanoclays for food contact applications
      1. Abstract:
      2. 2.1 Introduction
      3. 2.1 Antimicrobial nanoclays
      4. 2.3 Oxygen-scavenging nanoclays
      5. 2.4 Future trends
    2. Chapter 3: Hydrotalcites in nanobiocomposites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 3.1 Introduction
      3. 3.2 Hydrotalcite-like compounds (HTlc): basic chemistry
      4. 3.3 Organically modified biocompatible hydrotalcite-like compounds (HTlc)
      5. 3.4 Nanocomposites of biodegradable polymeric matrices and modified hydrotalcites
      6. 3.5 Conclusions and future trends
    3. Chapter 4: Cellulose nanofillers for food packaging
      1. Abstract:
      2. 4.1 Introduction
      3. 4.2 Morphological and structural characteristics of cellulose nanofillers
      4. 4.3 Extraction and refining of cellulose nanofillers
      5. 4.4 Mechanical properties of cellulose nanofillers
      6. 4.5 Surface modification of cellulose nanofillers
      7. 4.6 Preparation of cellulose-reinforced nanocomposites
      8. 4.7 Future trends and applications of cellulose nanofillers
    4. Chapter 5: Electrospun nanofibers for food packaging applications
      1. Abstract:
      2. 5.1 Electrospinning
      3. 5.2 Functional nanofibers
      4. 5.3 Nanoencapsulation
      5. 5.4 Electrospinning in packaging applications
      6. 5.5 Future trends
  9. Part II: High barrier plastics for food packaging
    1. Chapter 6: Mass transport and high barrier properties of food packaging polymers
      1. Abstract:
      2. 6.1 Introduction: the basics of mass transport
      3. 6.2 Diffusivity
      4. 6.3 Solubility
      5. 6.4 What makes a barrier a barrier?
      6. 6.5 Characterisation techniques
    2. Chapter 7: Ethylene–norbornene copolymers and advanced single-site polyolefins
      1. Abstract:
      2. 7.1 Introduction
      3. 7.2 Synthesis and molecular structure: advanced single-site polyolefins
      4. 7.3 Macromolecular structure: advanced single-site polyolefins
      5. 7.4 Macromolecular structure: ethylene-norbornene copolymers
      6. 7.5 Nanocomposite preparation: advanced single-site polyolefins
      7. 7.6 Future trends
      8. 7.7 Sources of further information and advice
    3. Chapter 8: Advances in polymeric materials for modified atmosphere packaging (MAP)
      1. Abstract:
      2. 8.1 Introduction
      3. 8.2 Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP)
      4. 8.3 Physiological factors affecting shelf-life of fresh produce
      5. 8.4 Post-harvest pathology of fruits and vegetables
      6. 8.5 Response of fresh produce to modified atmosphere packaging
      7. 8.6 Polymeric films for application in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP)
      8. 8.7 Cellulose-based plastics
      9. 8.8 Biodegradable polymers
      10. 8.9 Multilayer plastic films
      11. 8.10 Gas permeation or gas transmission
      12. 8.11 Water vapor permeability
      13. 8.12 Packaging systems in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP)
      14. 8.13 Advanced technology for efficient modified atmosphere packaging (MAP)
      15. 8.14 Package management
      16. 8.15 Design of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP)
      17. 8.16 Mathematical modeling of gaseous exchange in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) systems
      18. 8.17 Current application of polymeric films for modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) of fruits and vegetables
      19. 8.18 Future trends
    4. Chapter 9: Nylon-MXD6 resins for food packaging
      1. Abstract:
      2. 9.1 Structure and general overview
      3. 9.2 Processing
      4. 9.3 Gas barrier properties
      5. 9.4 Other properties
      6. 9.5 Applications
      7. 9.6 Nylon-MXD6 nanocomposites
      8. 9.7 Future trends
    5. Chapter 10: Ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymers
      1. Abstract:
      2. 10.1 Introduction
      3. 10.2 Structure and general properties of ethylene–vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymers
      4. 10.3 Ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) versus aliphatic polyketones
      5. 10.4 Processing in packaging
      6. 10.5 Improving retorting of ethylene–vinyl alcohol (EVOH)
      7. 10.6 Nanocomposites of ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) and poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVOH)
      8. 10.7 Future trends
    6. Chapter 11: High barrier plastics using nanoscale inorganic films
      1. Abstract:
      2. 11.1 Introduction
      3. 11.2 Nanotechnologies of thin films for advanced food packaging
      4. 11.3 Thin film technologies for polymer coating using vacuum processes
      5. 11.4 Physical vapour deposition (PVD) processes
      6. 11.5 Inorganic thin film systems
      7. 11.6 Functional properties of diffusion barrier coated polymers
      8. 11.7 Future trends
    7. Chapter 12: Functional barriers against migration for food packaging
      1. Abstract:
      2. 12.1 Introduction
      3. 12.2 Food safety issues related to migration
      4. 12.3 Functional barriers
      5. 12.4 Nanostrategies for functional barriers
      6. 12.5 Future trends
      7. 12.6 Sources of further information and advice
  10. Part III: Active and bioactive plastics
    1. Chapter 13: Silver-based antimicrobial polymers for food packaging
      1. Abstract:
      2. 13.1 Introduction
      3. 13.2 Incorporation of silver into coatings and polymer matrices
      4. 13.3 Antimicrobial silver in food packaging
      5. 13.4 Future trends
      6. 13.5 Sources of further information and advice
    2. Chapter 14: Incorporation of chemical antimicrobial agents into polymeric films for food packaging
      1. Abstract:
      2. 14.1 Introduction
      3. 14.2 Antimicrobial agents
      4. 14.3 Chemical antimicrobial agents
      5. 14.4 Natural antimicrobial agents
      6. 14.5 Polymers (synthetic or natural)
      7. 14.6 Nano-antimicrobial agents
      8. 14.7 Antimicrobial films and coatings
      9. 14.8 Antimicrobial activity
      10. 14.9 Future trends
      11. 14.11 Appendix: Abbreviations
    3. Chapter 15: Natural extracts in plastic food packaging
      1. Abstract:
      2. 15.1 Introduction
      3. 15.2 Natural plant extracts as antimicrobials and antioxidants
      4. 15.3 Designing active plastic packaging systems from natural plant extracts
      5. 15.4 Packaging films based on natural extracts
      6. 15.5 Factors to consider in designing active systems
      7. 15.6 Future trends
    4. Chapter 16: Bioactive food packaging strategies
      1. Abstract:
      2. 16.1 Introduction
      3. 16.2 Definition and technologies
      4. 16.3 Nanotechnologies
      5. 16.4 Controlled release of bioactives
      6. 16.5 Future trends
  11. Part IV: Nanotechnology in sustainable plastics for food packaging
    1. Chapter 17: Polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites for food packaging applications
      1. Abstract:
      2. 17.1 Introduction and properties of polylactic acid (PLA)
      3. 17.2 Nanobiocomposites of polylactic acid (PLA) for monolayer packaging
      4. 17.3 Future trends
    2. Chapter 18: Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) for food packaging
      1. Abstract:
      2. 18.1 Introduction
      3. 18.2 Commercial developments
      4. 18.3 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and their nanocomposite films
      5. 18.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) foams and paper coatings
      6. 18.5 Conclusions
      7. 18.6 Future trends
      8. 18.7 Sources of further information and advice
    3. Chapter 19: Starch-based polymers for food packaging
      1. Abstract:
      2. 19.1 Introduction
      3. 19.2 Market for starch-based materials and potential applications
      4. 19.3 Structure and properties of native and plasticized starch
      5. 19.4 Processing in packaging
      6. 19.5 Mechanical and barrier performance of starch-based systems
      7. 19.6 Nanocomposites
      8. 19.7 Future trends
      9. 19.8 Sources of further information and advice
    4. Chapter 20: Chitosan polysaccharide in food packaging applications
      1. Abstract:
      2. 20.1 Introduction
      3. 20.2 Structure and properties
      4. 20.3 Processing in packaging
      5. 20.4 Antimicrobial chitosan
      6. 20.5 Barrier performance
      7. 20.6 Nanocomposites
      8. 20.7 Future trends
    5. Chapter 21: Carrageenan polysaccharides for food packaging
      1. Abstract:
      2. 21.1 Introduction
      3. 21.2 Structure and properties of carrageenan
      4. 21.3 Processing in packaging
      5. 21.4 Barrier performance
      6. 21.5 Nanocomposites
    6. Chapter 22: Protein-based resins for food packaging
      1. Abstract:
      2. 22.1 Materials (sources, extraction, structure and properties)
      3. 22.2 Structure and properties
      4. 22.3 Packaging materials characterization (barrier performance, mechanical properties)
      5. 22.4 Applications
      6. 22.5 Future trends
    7. Chapter 23: Wheat gluten (WG)-based materials for food packaging
      1. Abstract:
      2. 23.1 Introduction
      3. 23.2 Preparation of wheat gluten-based materials
      4. 23.3 Mechanical and barrier properties of wheat gluten-based materials
      5. 23.4 Wheat gluten-based nanocomposites
      6. 23.5 Example of integrated approach for the packaging of fresh fruits and vegetables
      7. 23.6 Future trends
    8. Chapter 24: Safety and regulatory aspects of plastics as food packaging materials
      1. Abstract:
      2. 24.1 Introduction
      3. 24.2 Indirect food additives
      4. 24.3 Nanotechnology in food contact materials
      5. 24.4 Migration of additives
      6. 24.5 Indian Standards for overall migration (IS:9845-1998)
      7. 24.6 US Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
      8. 24.7 European Commission Directives on plastic containers for foods
      9. 24.8 Specific migration of toxic additives
      10. 24.9 Recent problems in specific migration
      11. 24.10 Future trends
      12. 24.12 Appendix: Abbreviations
  12. Index

Product information

  • Title: Multifunctional and Nanoreinforced Polymers for Food Packaging
  • Author(s): J Lagarón
  • Release date: May 2011
  • Publisher(s): Woodhead Publishing
  • ISBN: 9780857092786