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NETWORK LAYER
The Internet protocol (IP) is the most important network protocol of transmission control protocol (TCP)/IP protocol stack. It provides a basic service to the delivery of datagrams, enabling a wide list of application and services. The basic functionalities of the IP are as follows:
• Definition of the address space in the Internet
• Routing of datagrams across the network nodes
• Fragmentation and reassembling of datagrams
To implement these functionalities, the IP makes use of datagrams, which consist of its elementary message format, used for end-to-end transmission* of data. To allow this, actions are to be taken by each node (router) of the network. A router is a device that makes network layer switching of datagrams. ...
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