May 2005
Intermediate to advanced
352 pages
14h 39m
English
Content preview from MySQL in a NutshellBecome an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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Chapter 6. Date and Time Functions
The ability to record dates and times in a MySQL database is a very common requirement. This chapter presents the date and time functions for MySQL.
Date
and time data comprises only numeric strings, so it can be stored in
a regular character column. However, by using temporal datatype
columns, you can use several built-in functions offered by MySQL.
Currently, five temporal datatypes are available:
date, time,
datetime, timestamp, and
year. The date column type is
only for recording the date and uses the format
yyyy-mm-dd. The time column
type is for recording time in the format
hhh:mm:ss. To record a combination of date and
time, you can use the datetime column type:
yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss. The
timestamp column is similar to
datetime, but is a little limited in its range of
allowable time: it starts at the Unix epoch time (i.e., 1970-01-01)
and ends at the end of 2037. Finally, the year
datatype is used only for recording the year in a column.
Incidentally, any function that calls for a date or a time datatype will also accept a combined datetime datatype. For more information on date and time datatypes, see Appendix A.
Validation of date strings is limited: MySQL makes sure that months range only from 0 to 12, and days range from 0 to 31. Therefore, a date such as February 30 would be accepted. Version 5.0.2 of MySQL will offer more refined validation that would reject such a date.
At the end of this introduction is a listing of date and time functions, ...
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