363
Appendix A: Physical Constants and
Scales
TABLE A.2
Prexes
Name Abbreviation Value
Peta P 10
15
Tera T 10
12
Giga G 10
9
Mega M 10
6
Kilo k 10
3
Hecto h 10
2
Deka da 10
1
Deci d
10
−1
Centi c
10
−2
Milli m
10
−3
Micro
μ 10
−6
Nano n
10
−9
Pico p
10
−12
Femto f
10
−15
TABLE A.1
Physical Constants
Name Symbol Value Units
Boltzmann’s constant k
B
1.38 × 10
−23
8.62 × 10
−5
J/K
eV/K
Electron rest mass m
0
9.1 × 10
−31
kg
Electron volt eV
1.6 × 10
−19
J
Electronic charge q
1.6 × 10
−19
C
Planck’s constant h
6.625 × 10
−34
4.135 × 10
−15
J s
eV s
Planck’s constant divided by 2 pi (h-bar)
1.055 × 10
−34
6.58 × 10
−16
J s
eV s
Permittivity of free space
ε
o
8.85 × 10
−14
8.85 × 10
−12
F/cm
F/m
Proton rest mass m
p
1.673 × 10
−27
kg
Speed of light (vaccum) c
3 × 10
8
m/s
Thermal energy (T = 300 K)
k
B
T 0.0259 eV
Thermal voltage (T = 300 K) V
t
= k
B
T/q
0.0259 V
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