Nanomaterials

Chapter 12Catalytically Active Enzyme Mimetic Nanomaterials and Their Role in Biosensing

Narsingh R. Nirala¹, Sima Umrao², Gaurav Khandelwal³ and Vinod Kumar^4*

¹School of Materials Science and Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, India

²School of Electronics and Electric Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Korea

³Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauzkhas, New Delhi, India

⁴Department of Materials Engineering, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva Israel

^*Corresponding author: [e-mail], [e-mail]

Abstract

In recent years, the emergence nanotechnology with biology has ignited extensive research efforts for designing functional nanomaterials that exhibit exciting intrinsic properties for enzymes mimetic. The catalytically active nanomaterials (nanozymes) showed several advantages over natural enzymes, such as low cost, tenability in catalytic activities, high stability against stringent conditions. Nanozymes catalyzes oxidation of a peroxidase substrate TMB (as efficiently as shown by natural enzymes) in presence of H₂O₂ to oxidized colored product. And this makes a basis of developing a simple, sensitive and selective colorimetric method for determination of biomolecules. Thus, nanozymes hold great promises for developing simple, cost effective, rapid and reliable colorimetric biosensors. The present book chapter provides a detailed informations about the existing nanozyme based colorimetric biosensor and future perspectives.