4Quality‐of‐Service Routing
4.1 Introduction
The setting up of LANs and WANs paved the way for Intranets. The Internet emerged as the largest WAN. Intranets were used for the client–server type of applications where data was sent from the client to the server over the network. The server processed the data and sent back the results to the client on the network. With the Internet came applications such as email (SMTP), file transfer (FTP), remote login (telnet), and web access (HTTP), which supported the web‐based applications in which the client terminal was able to use the standard web browser to view or request applications. The initial applications planned for the networks were not bandwidth hungry.
The emergence of huge data crunching and analysis applications such as data mining, simulations, modeling, analysis, and visualization required tremendous processing capabilities supported by grid computing and supercomputing. Although these processor‐hungry applications required a huge amount of data to be transmitted from the client to the servers for their processing, once the data was transmitted from the client to the grid or the cluster, the processor became busy processing it and then sent back the results to the clients. All these applications ...
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