Network Routing

7Exterior Gateway Protocol

• 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.1.1 Hosts vs Gateways
  • 7.1.2 Gateway‐to‐Gateway Protocol
  • 7.1.3 Autonomous System
  • 7.1.4 Characteristics of EGP
• 7.2 Exterior Gateway Protocol
  • 7.2.1 Evolution of EGP Standards
  • 7.2.2 EGP Terminology and Topology
  • 7.2.3 EGP Operation Model
• 7.3 Border Gateway Protocol
  • 7.3.1 Router Connectivity and Terminology
  • 7.3.2 Routing Information Base
  • 7.3.3 BGP Operation
  • 7.3.4 Decision Process
  • 7.3.5 Route Selection Process
• References
• Abbreviations/Terminologies
• Questions
• Exercises

7.1 Introduction

The Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) was convinced about the importance of networking in the early 1960s. ARPA collaborated with Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) for the realization of a reliable network to connect computers in academic institutions with those in the Department of Defense (DoD) of the United States and its research agencies. It was theoretically established that such a network could be based on packet switching over low‐speed dial‐up telephone links. The concept was practically tested in 1965 by connecting a computer in Massachusetts with another in California. By 1968, ARPA had finalized the design and specification of the planned network, which was called ARPANET [1]. ARPA is an organization that, on behalf of the US DoD, primarily grants funding to academic institutes and R&D divisions of private industry for next‐generation research, design, and development. BBN Technologies (originally Bolt, Beranek, and Newman), which is an American company ...