Networking Bible

Chapter 1. Networking Introduction

IN THIS CHAPTER

• Network and transmission types

• Topologies

• pLANs, LANs, MANs, CANs, and WANs

A computer network is a connection or set of connections made between two or more computers for the purpose of exchanging data. Networks are built from a variety of building blocks: computers, switches, cables, and so forth. In order to classify networks into different types, you need to consider factors such as the number of elements, distribution of objects, and connection methods. In this chapter, different types of networks are described, as well as how the different network types impact their design.

The smallest network is a direct attachment between two computers with a cable. Peer-to-peer systems are used in computer workgroups where there are a small number of systems that don't require a central service. Some computer buses are configurable and thus are considered small networks. These are called personal LANs, or pLANs, and Bluetooth is an example of this type of network. USB is not configurable and is therefore not a network.

A network that spans an office, floor, or building is called a local area network, or LAN. LANs can support multiple protocols, and connect different types of clients. A LAN that is separated by a bridging element would be considered a separate LAN. When the bridge separates multiple LANs that are geographically dispersed, it is considered a wide area network, or WAN.

You can analyze and categorize network topologies in terms of ...