CHAPTER 12

Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids

CHAPTER AT A GLANCE

Carbonyl Compounds

Carbonyl compounds are aldehydes and ketones having general formula of CnH2nO.

Preparation

  1. Rosenmund’s Reduction: Here acid chlorides are reduced to aldehyde with H2 in boiling xylene using palladium as a ­catalyst supported on barium sulphate.
    ch12_img129.png

    Note:

    • Pd catalyst is poisoned by BaSO4 (Lindlar’s catalyst) to check further reduction of aldehyde to alcohol.

    • Formaldehyde cannot be obtained by this method because HCOCl is unstable at common temperature.

  2. Stephen’s Reduction:
  3. Reimer-Tiemann Reaction: By this method phenolic aldehyde is prepared.
  4. From Esters ...

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