CHAPTER 4
Ziauddin Barani (1285–1357)
INTRODUCTION
Ziauddin Barani was an Islamic political thinker during the period of the Delhi Sultanate. In his lifetime he witnesses the reigns of around ten Delhi Sultans, from Ghiyasuddin Balban to Firoz Shah Tughlaq. He is famous for the Nasihat (advice) he gave in Fatwa-i-Jahandari to Muslim rulers to become an Ideal Sultan. Like other medieval writers, his political philosophy also revolves around the Sultan’s personality. The basic objective of Ziauddin Barani is to implement Islamic Shari’ah. The state must attain an ideal stage, which he defines as the triumph of good values over evil forces. Ziauddin Barani’s political thought is usually compared with Kautilya’s Arthashastras and Machiavelli’s
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